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We generalize the Rayleigh Quotient Iteration (RQI) to the problem of solving a nonlinear equation where the variables are divided into two subsets, one satisfying additional equality constraints and the other could be considered as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-21 Du Nguyen

Let L be a finite dimensional Lie algebra over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic zero. Denote by U(L) its enveloping algebra with quotient division ring D(L). In 1974, at the end of his book "Algebres enveloppantes", Jacques…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-02 Alfons I. Ooms

Starting from Borcherds' fake monster Lie algebra we construct a sequence of six generalized Kac-Moody algebras whose denominator formulas, root systems and all root multiplicities can be described explicitly. The root systems decompose…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Peter Niemann

Artificial intelligence (AI) advancements over the past few years have had an unprecedented and revolutionary impact across everyday application areas. Its significance also extends to technical challenges within science and engineering,…

Quantum superintegrable systems are solvable eigenvalue problems. Their solvability is due to symmetry, but the symmetry is often "hidden". The symmetry generators of 2nd order superintegrable systems in 2 dimensions close under commutation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-11-02 E. Kalnins , W. Miller , E. Subag

Invented by Kurt Hensel at the very end of 19th century on the model of power series in one indeterminate, the $p$-adic numbers have not only become an indispensable tool of contemporary arithmetic, but a research topic per se. In this…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-12-07 Antoine Chambert-Loir

We reconsider the classical equality 0.999. .. = 1 with the tool of circular words, that is: finite words whose last letter is assumed to be followed by the first one. Such circular words are naturally embedded with algebraic structures…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2022-10-17 Benoît Rittaud , Laurent Vivier

The generalized Chazy differential equation corresponds to the following two-parameter family of differential equations \begin{equation*}\label{gcdeq} \dddot x+|x|^q \ddot x+\dfrac{k |x|^q}{x}\dot x^2=0, \end{equation*} which has its…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Jaume Llibre , Douglas D. Novaes , Claudia Valls

The On-Line Encyclopedia Of Integer Sequences , that wonderful resource that most combinatorialists, and many other mathematicians and scientists, use at least once a day, is a treasure trove of mathematical information, and, one of its…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-10-24 Shalosh B. Ekhad , Mingjia Yang , Doron Zeilberger

We introduce, characterise and provide a combinatorial interpretation for the so-called $q$-Jacobi-Stirling numbers. This study is motivated by their key role in the (reciprocal) expansion of any power of a second order $q$-differential…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Ana F. Loureiro , Jiang Zeng

Quadratic algebras are generalizations of Lie algebras; they include the symmetry algebras of 2nd order superintegrable systems in 2 dimensions as special cases. The superintegrable systems are exactly solvable physical systems in classical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-01-07 Ernest G. Kalnins , Willard Miller

The ubiquitous ADE classification has induced many proposals of often mysterious correspondences both in mathematics and physics. The mathematics side includes quiver theory and the McKay Correspondence which relates finite group…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Yang-Hui He , Jun S. Song

The Savage-Dickey ratio is known as a specialised representation of the Bayes factor (O'Hagan and Forster, 2004) that allows for a functional plugging approximation of this quantity. We demonstrate here that the Savage-Dickey representation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-10-11 Jean-Michel Marin , Christian Robert

We review the properties of six families of orthogonal polynomials that form the main bulk of the collection called the Askey--Wilson scheme of polynomials. We give connection coefficients between them as well as the so-called linearization…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-03-18 Paweł J. Szabłowski

The Askey--Wilson integral is very important in the theory of orthogonal polynomials. Liu's integral is a generalization of the Askey--Wilson integral with many parameters. With the help of the series rearrangement method, we give the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-30 Chuanan Wei

We develop the theory of $p$-adic confluence of $q$-difference equations. The main result is the surprising fact that, in the $p$-adic framework, a function is solution of a differential equation if and only if it is solution of a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-01-14 Andrea Pulita

This is the text of an expository talk given at the May 1997 Detroit meeting of the American Mathematical Society. It is a tale of a famous football player and a subtle problem he posed about the uniform convergence of Dirichlet series.…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2009-09-25 Harold P. Boas

Reasoning under uncertainty is a fundamental challenge in Artificial Intelligence. As with most of these challenges, there is a harsh dilemma between the expressive power of the language used, and the tractability of the computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Luise Ge , Brendan Juba , Kris Nilsson

In 2002 Zhi-Wei Sun [Integers 2(2002)] published a curious identity involving binomial coefficients. In this paper we present a generalization of the identity.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-09-24 Zhi-Wei Sun , Ke-Jian Wu

Problems for the graduate students who want to improve problem-solving skills in geometry. Every problem has a short elegant solution -- this gives a hint which was not available when the problem was discovered.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Anton Petrunin