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The smuggling of special nuclear materials (SNM) through international borders could enable nuclear terrorism and constitutes a significant threat to global security. This paper presents the experimental demonstration of a novel…
To combat the risk of nuclear smuggling, radiography systems are deployed at ports to scan cargo containers for concealed illicit materials. Dual energy radiography systems enable a rough elemental analysis of cargo containers due to the…
To combat the risk of nuclear smuggling, radiography systems are deployed at ports to scan cargo containers for concealed illicit materials. Dual energy radiography systems enable a rough elemental analysis of cargo containers due to the…
Cosmic ray muon tomography is considered a promising method for the non-invasive inspection of shipping containers and trucks. It utilizes highly penetrating cosmic-ray muons and their interactions with various materials to generate…
A novel method based on Fast Neutron Resonance Transmission Radiography is proposed for non-destructive, quantitative determination of the weight percentages of oil and water in cores taken from subterranean or underwater geological…
We investigate the problem of detecting the presence of clandestine neutron sources, such as would be produced by nuclear weapons containing plutonium, within cargo containers. Small, simple and economical semiconductor photodiode detectors…
Smuggling of special nuclear materials (SNM) and nuclear devices through borders and ports of entry constitutes a major risk to global security. Technologies are needed to reliably screen the flow of commerce for the presence of high-$Z$…
The threat of smuggled nuclear/radiological weapons and material in commercial containerized cargo remains a significant threat to global security more than a decade after the enactment of laws in the United States and elsewhere mandating…
(short version) Accurate determination of the coherent static structure factor of disordered materials containing proton nuclei is prohibitively difficult by neutron diffraction, due to the large incoherent cross section of $^1$H. This…
Multi-energy radiography is a new direction in non-destructive testing. Its specific feature is separate detection of penetrating radiation in several energy channels. Multi-energy radiography allows quantitative determination of the atomic…
An air cargo inspection system combining two nuclear reaction based techniques, namely Fast-Neutron Resonance Radiography and Dual-Discrete-Energy Gamma Radiography is currently being developed. This system is expected to allow detection of…
Hydrogen plays critical roles in materials science, particularly for advancing technologies in hydrogen storage and phase manipulation, while also posing challenges like hydrogen embrittlement. Understanding its behavior, vital for…
Cargo imaging with Megavoltage (MV) radiography has important applications for detecting illicit materials. It enables decomposing and quantifying materials with different atomic numbers by imaging cargo at two different x-ray energies, or…
In this work we investigate the use of nanoporous carrier as drug delivery systems for hydrophobic molecules. By studying a model system made of porous silicon loaded with beta-carotene, we unveil a fundamental limitation of these carriers…
Recent innovations in x-ray technology (namely phase-based and energy-resolved imaging) offer unprecedented opportunities for material discrimination, however they are often used in isolation or in limited combinations. Here we show that…
The microstructure of coagulated colloidal particles, for which the inter-particle potential is described by the DLVO theory, is strongly influenced by the particles' surface potential. Depending on its value, the resulting microstructures…
Hydrogen can be stored in containers or in materials. In materials it can exist in molecular or atomic forms. The atomic form can further exist as multiple phases. Molecular hydrogen can be adsorbed on the surface or can be present inside…
In this study, we present a sophisticated hybrid machine-learning framework that significantly improves the accuracy of predicting hydrogen storage capacities in metal hydrides. This is a critical challenge due to the scarcity of…
Might a nuclear-armed terrorist group or state use ordinary commerce to deliver a nuclear weapon by smuggling it in a cargo container or vehicle? This delivery method would be the only one available to a sub-state actor, and it might enable…
Density functional calculations of electronic structure, total energy, structural distortions, and magnetism for hydrogenated single-layer, bilayer, and multi-layer graphene are performed. It is found that hydrogen-induced magnetism can…