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Related papers: Predictive Multiplicity in Classification

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As machine learning models are increasingly deployed in high-stakes environments, ensuring both probabilistic reliability and prediction stability has become critical. This paper examines the interplay between classification calibration and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Mustafa Cavus

Artificial Intelligence has gained a lot of traction in the recent years, with machine learning notably starting to see more applications across a varied range of fields. One specific machine learning application that is of interest to us…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Teodor Rares Begu

Maximum diversity problems arise in many practical settings from facility location to social networks, and constitute an important class of NP-hard problems in combinatorial optimization. There has been a growing interest in these problems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-25 Francisco Parreño , Ramón Álvarez-Valdés , Rafael Martí

Probabilistic classifiers output a probability distribution on target classes rather than just a class prediction. Besides providing a clear separation of prediction and decision making, the main advantage of probabilistic models is their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Juozas Vaicenavicius , David Widmann , Carl Andersson , Fredrik Lindsten , Jacob Roll , Thomas B. Schön

Predictive multiplicity refers to the phenomenon in which classification tasks may admit multiple competing models that achieve almost-equally-optimal performance, yet generate conflicting outputs for individual samples. This presents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Hsiang Hsu , Guihong Li , Shaohan Hu , Chun-Fu , Chen

Observations on the past provide some hints about what will happen in the future, and this can be quantified using information theory. The ``predictive information'' defined in this way has connections to measures of complexity that have…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 William Bialek , Naftali Tishby

With the increasing deployment of machine learning models in many socially sensitive tasks, there is a growing demand for reliable and trustworthy predictions. One way to accomplish these requirements is to allow a model to abstain from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Andrea Pugnana , Lorenzo Perini , Jesse Davis , Salvatore Ruggieri

Ambiguity is inherently present in many machine learning tasks, but especially for sequential models seldom accounted for, as most only output a single prediction. In this work we propose an extension of the Multiple Hypothesis Prediction…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-24 Alessandro Berlati , Oliver Scheel , Luigi Di Stefano , Federico Tombari

As algorithms increasingly inform and influence decisions made about individuals, it becomes increasingly important to address concerns that these algorithms might be discriminatory. The output of an algorithm can be discriminatory for many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Úrsula Hébert-Johnson , Michael P. Kim , Omer Reingold , Guy N. Rothblum

We consider a problem of data integration. Consider determining which genes affect a disease. The genes, which we call predictor objects, can be measured in different experiments on the same individual. We address the question of finding…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-04 Xin Gao , Raymond J. Carroll

Specifying a Bayesian prior is notoriously difficult for complex models such as neural networks. Reasoning about parameters is made challenging by the high-dimensionality and over-parameterization of the space. Priors that seem benign and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-22 Eric Nalisnick , Jonathan Gordon , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

We revisit and generalize the concept of composite likelihood as a method to make a probabilistic inference by aggregation of multiple Bayesian agents, thereby defining a class of predictive models which we call composite Bayesian. This…

Computation · Statistics 2019-04-18 Alexis Roche

We introduce the notion of a reproducible algorithm in the context of learning. A reproducible learning algorithm is resilient to variations in its samples -- with high probability, it returns the exact same output when run on two samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Russell Impagliazzo , Rex Lei , Toniann Pitassi , Jessica Sorrell

Conformal prediction is a statistically rigorous method for quantifying uncertainty in models by having them output sets of predictions, with larger sets indicating more uncertainty. However, prediction sets are not inherently actionable;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Jesse C. Cresswell , Bhargava Kumar , Yi Sui , Mouloud Belbahri

The problem of model selection is inevitable in an increasingly large number of applications involving partial theoretical knowledge and vast amounts of information, like in medicine, biology or economics. The associated techniques are…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-11-17 Stephane Guerrier , Maria-Pia Victoria-Feser

Multimodal learning has seen remarkable progress, particularly with the emergence of large-scale pre-training across various modalities. However, most current approaches are built on the assumption of a deterministic, one-to-one alignment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Sanghyuk Chun

In this article I propose an approach for defining replicability for prediction rules. Motivated by a recent NAS report, I start from the perspective that replicability is obtaining consistent results across studies suitable to address the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-03 Giovanni Parmigiani

The study of complex systems has attracted widespread attention from researchers in the fields of natural sciences, social sciences, and engineering. Prediction is one of the central issues in this field. Although most related studies have…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-10-21 En Xu , Yilin Bi , Hongwei Hu , Xin Chen , Zhiwen Yu , Yong Li , Yanqing Hu , Tao Zhou

This paper tackles the challenge of detecting unreliable behavior in regression algorithms, which may arise from intrinsic variability (e.g., aleatoric uncertainty) or modeling errors (e.g., model uncertainty). First, we formally introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Andres Altieri , Marco Romanelli , Georg Pichler , Florence Alberge , Pablo Piantanida

Accurately predicting faulty software units helps practitioners target faulty units and prioritize their efforts to maintain software quality. Prior studies use machine-learning models to detect faulty software code. We revisit past studies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Libo Li , Stefan Lessmann , Bart Baesens