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Given a fixed constraint language $\Gamma$, the conservative CSP over $\Gamma$ (denoted by c-CSP($\Gamma$)) is a variant of CSP($\Gamma$) where the domain of each variable can be restricted arbitrarily. A dichotomy is known for conservative…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-06-21 Clément Carbonnel

We give a complexity dichotomy theorem for the counting Constraint Satisfaction Problem (#CSP in short) with complex weights. To this end, we give three conditions for its tractability. Let F be any finite set of complex-valued functions,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Jin-Yi Cai , Xi Chen

While 3-SAT is NP-hard, 2-SAT is solvable in polynomial time. Austrin, Guruswami, and H\r{a}stad roved a result known as "$(2+\varepsilon)$-SAT is NP-hard" [FOCS'14/SICOMP'17]. They showed that the problem of distinguishing k-CNF formulas…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Alex Brandts , Marcin Wrochna , Stanislav Živný

Models of confluent tissues are built out of tessellations of the space (both in two and three dimensions) in which the cost function is constructed in such a way that individual cells try to optimize their volume and surface in order to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-06-13 Pierfrancesco Urbani

In the field of constraint satisfaction problems (CSP), a clause is called redundant if its satisfaction is implied by satisfying all other clauses. An instance of CSP$(P)$ is called non-redundant if it does not contain any redundant…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Joshua Brakensiek , Venkatesan Guruswami , Bart M. P. Jansen , Victor Lagerkvist , Magnus Wahlström

The promise constraint satisfaction problem (PCSP) is a recently introduced vast generalisation of the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) that captures approximability of satisfiable instances. A PCSP instance comes with two forms of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Alex Brandts , Stanislav Živný

Theoretical complexity is a vital subfield of computer science that enables us to mathematically investigate computation and answer many interesting queries about the nature of computational problems. It provides theoretical tools to assess…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Mohamed Ghanem , Dauod Siniora

We prove a complexity dichotomy theorem for a class of Holant problems on planar 3-regular bipartite graphs. The complexity dichotomy states that for every weighted constraint function $f$ defining the problem (the weights can even be…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Jin-Yi Cai , Austen Z. Fan

For relational structures A, B of the same signature, the Promise Constraint Satisfaction Problem PCSP(A,B) asks whether a given input structure maps homomorphically to A or does not even map to B. We are promised that the input satisfies…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Alexandr Kazda , Peter Mayr , Dmitriy Zhuk

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) framework offers a simple and sound basis for representing and solving simple decision problems, without uncertainty. This paper is devoted to an extension of the CSP framework enabling us to deal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Helene Fargier , Jerome Lang , Roger Martin-Clouaire , Thomas Schiex

Boolean satisfiability problems are an important benchmark for questions about complexity, algorithms, heuristics and threshold phenomena. Recent work on heuristics, and the satisfiability threshold has centered around the structure and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-10-03 Parikshit Gopalan , Phokion G. Kolaitis , Elitza Maneva , Christos H. Papadimitriou

These are notes from a multi-year learning seminar on the algebraic approach to Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). The main topics covered are the theory of algebraic structures with few subpowers, the theory of absorbing subalgebras…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Zarathustra Brady

The main result of this paper is a generalization of the classical blossom algorithm for finding perfect matchings. Our algorithm can efficiently solve Boolean CSPs where each variable appears in exactly two constraints (we call it edge…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Alexandr Kazda , Vladimir Kolmogorov , Michal Rolínek

In this paper, we study the possibility of designing non-trivial random CSP models by exploiting the intrinsic connection between structures and typical-case hardness. We show that constraint consistency, a notion that has been developed to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-10-12 J. Culberson , Y. Gao

We define and study a statistical mechanics ensemble that characterizes connected solutions in constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs). Built around a well-known local entropy bias, it allows us to better identify hardness transitions in…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-04-17 Damien Barbier

Today's propositional satisfiability (SAT) solvers are extremely powerful and can be used as an efficient back-end for solving NP-complete problems. However, many fundamental problems in knowledge representation and reasoning are located at…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-07-04 Ronald de Haan , Stefan Szeider

A subset of Q^n is called semilinear (or piecewise linear) if it is Boolean combination of linear half-spaces. We study the computational complexity of the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) over the rationals when all the constraints…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Manuel Bodirsky , Marcello Mamino

We determine the computational complexity of approximately counting the total weight of variable assignments for every complex-weighted Boolean constraint satisfaction problem (or CSP) with any number of additional unary (i.e., arity 1)…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Tomoyuki Yamakami

Holant problems capture a class of Sum-of-Product computations such as counting matchings. It is inspired by holographic algorithms and is equivalent to tensor networks, with counting CSP being a special case. A classification for Holant…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-02-10 Jin-Yi Cai , Pinyan Lu , Mingji Xia

Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) typically have many solutions that satisfy all constraints. Often though, some solutions are preferred over others, that is, some solutions dominate other solutions. We present solution dominance as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Tias Guns , Peter J. Stuckey , Guido Tack