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We introduce a simple and robust scheme for optical frequency transfer of an ultra-stable source light field via an optical frequency comb to a field at a target optical frequency, where highest stability is required, e.g. for the…

We generate a 200-nm optical frequency comb at 1.5 microns by injecting two single-frequency lasers into a highly nonlinear fiber, and explore its spectral phase properties and high power to demonstrate full nonlinear conversion into its…

Recent advances in realizing optical frequency combs using nonlinear parametric processes in integrated photonic resonators have revolutionized on-chip optical clocks, spectroscopy, and multi-channel optical communications. At the same…

A train of periodic optical pulses gives an optical frequency "comb" that acts as a precise ruler for light measurement due to its equally spaced frequencies. Today, such pulses last millionths of a billionth of a second (Femtoseconds/fs)…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-22 Tushar Malica

Optical time-frequency transfer establishes the metrological linkage in large-scale clock networks, which facilitates various applications. Fiber-based transfer benefits from the abundant deployment of fiber infrastructures to achieve this…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-21 Ziyang Chen , Yufei Zhang , Bin Luo , Hong Guo

Optical frequency combs (OFCs) are frequency rulers essential for precision metrology, next generation navigation, and testing of fundamental physics. Despite intense efforts, chip-integrated OFCs remain laboratory-bound, unable to fulfill…

Typical astronomical spectrographs have a resolution ranging between a few hundred to 200.000. Deconvolution and correlation techniques are being employed with a significance down to 1/1000 th of a pixel. HeAr and ThAr lamps are usually…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Piet O. Schmidt , Stefan Kimeswenger , Hans Ulrich Kaeufl

Integrated-photonics microchips now enable a range of advanced functionalities for high-coherence applications such as data transmission, highly optimized physical sensors, and harnessing quantum states, but with cost, efficiency, and…

Optical frequency comb (OFC) technology has been the cornerstone for scientific breakthroughs such as precision frequency metrology, redefinition of time, extreme light-matter interaction, and attosecond sciences. While the current…

Optics · Physics 2016-11-10 S. -W. Huang , A. Kumar , J. Yang , M. Yu , D. -L. Kwong , C. W. Wong

Optical frequency-comb-based-high-resolution spectrometers offer enormous potential for spectroscopic applications. Although various implementations have been demonstrated, the lack of suitable mid-infrared comb sources has impeded…

Infrared spectroscopy is a powerful tool for basic and applied science. The molecular spectral fingerprints in the 3 um to 20 um region provide a means to uniquely identify molecular structure for fundamental spectroscopy, atmospheric…

Microresonator-based soliton frequency combs - microcombs - have recently emerged to offer low-noise, photonic-chip sources for optical measurements. Owing to nonlinear-optical physics, microcombs can be built with various materials and…

We developed a novel technique for frequency measurement and synthesis, based on the operation of a femtosecond comb generator as transfer oscillator. The technique can be used to measure frequency ratios of any optical signals throughout…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jörn Stenger , Harald Schnatz , Christian Tamm , Harald R. Telle

The broadband, coherent nature of narrow-linewidth fiber frequency combs is exploited to measure the full complex spectrum of a molecular gas through multi-heterodyne spectroscopy. We measure the absorption and phase shift experienced by…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ian Coddington , William C. Swann , Nathan R. Newbury

The ability to manipulate the frequency of light is of great importance in both fundamental quantum sciences and practical applications. Traditional method for frequency conversion relies on nonlinear optical processes, which are faced with…

Coherent frequency division of high-stability optical sources permits the extraction of microwave signals with ultra-low phase noise, enabling their application to systems with stringent timing precision. To date, the highest performance…

Frequency-modulated lasers (FMLs) are widely used in spectroscopy, biology, and LiDAR. The performance of these applications highly depends on the fast and precise tracking of the FMLs' absolute frequency, which remains a challenge. Here we…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-25 Weiwei Yang , Xingyu Jia , Jingyi Wang , Xinlun Cai , Yang Li , Guanhao Wu

Some 50~years ago, physicists, and after them the entire world, started to found their time reference on atomic properties instead of motions of the Earth that have been in use since the origin. Far from being an arrival point, this…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-10-29 S. Bize

Laser frequency combs (LFCs) are well on their way to becoming the next-generation calibration sources for precision astronomical spectroscopy. This development is considered key in the hunt for low-mass rocky exoplanets around solar-type…

High finesse frequency combs (HFC) with large ratio of the frequency spacing to the width of the spectral components have demonstrated remarkable results in many applications such as precision spectroscopy and metrology. We found that low…