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Language identification (LID) has relevance in many speech processing applications. For the automatic recognition of code-switching speech, the conventional approaches often employ an LID system for detecting the languages present within an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Sreeram Ganji , Kunal Dhawan , Kumar Priyadarshi , Rohit Sinha

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems lack the distinct language model (LM) component that characterizes traditional speech systems. While this simplifies the model architecture, it complicates the task of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-26 Cal Peyser , Sepand Mavandadi , Tara N. Sainath , James Apfel , Ruoming Pang , Shankar Kumar

An on-device DNN-HMM speech recognition system efficiently works with a limited vocabulary in the presence of a variety of predictable noise. In such a case, vocabulary and environment adaptation is highly effective. In this paper, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-25 Emiru Tsunoo , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Satoshi Asakawa , Toshiyuki Kumakura

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has become increasingly ubiquitous on modern edge devices. Past work developed streaming End-to-End (E2E) all-neural speech recognizers that can run compactly on edge devices. However, E2E ASR models are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Dilin Wang , Yuan Shangguan , Haichuan Yang , Pierce Chuang , Jiatong Zhou , Meng Li , Ganesh Venkatesh , Ozlem Kalinli , Vikas Chandra

End-to-end neural network models (E2E) have shown significant performance benefits on different INTERSPEECH ComParE tasks. Prior work has applied either a single instance of an E2E model for a task or the same E2E architecture for different…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-07 Tamás Grósz , Mittul Singh , Sudarsana Reddy Kadiri , Hemant Kathania , Mikko Kurimo

With the massive developments of end-to-end (E2E) neural networks, recent years have witnessed unprecedented breakthroughs in automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, the codeswitching phenomenon remains a major obstacle that hinders…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Tzu-Ting Yang , Hsin-Wei Wang , Yi-Cheng Wang , Chi-Han Lin , Berlin Chen

With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), multimodal models based on LLMs have demonstrated significant potential. Models such as LLaSM, X-LLM, and SpeechGPT exhibit an impressive ability to comprehend and generate human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Hao Zhang , Nianwen Si , Yaqi Chen , Wenlin Zhang , Xukui Yang , Dan Qu , Xiaolin Jiao

Self-supervised pre-trained features have consistently delivered state-of-art results in the field of natural language processing (NLP); however, their merits in the field of speech emotion recognition (SER) still need further…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Edmilson Morais , Ron Hoory , Weizhong Zhu , Itai Gat , Matheus Damasceno , Hagai Aronowitz

Synthesized speech from articulatory movements can have real-world use for patients with vocal cord disorders, situations requiring silent speech, or in high-noise environments. In this work, we present EMA2S, an end-to-end multimodal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-10 Yu-Wen Chen , Kuo-Hsuan Hung , Shang-Yi Chuang , Jonathan Sherman , Wen-Chin Huang , Xugang Lu , Yu Tsao

In this paper, we propose a new loss function called generalized end-to-end (GE2E) loss, which makes the training of speaker verification models more efficient than our previous tuple-based end-to-end (TE2E) loss function. Unlike TE2E, the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-10 Li Wan , Quan Wang , Alan Papir , Ignacio Lopez Moreno

Massively multilingual sentence representation models, e.g., LASER, SBERT-distill, and LaBSE, help significantly improve cross-lingual downstream tasks. However, the use of a large amount of data or inefficient model architectures results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Zhuoyuan Mao , Chenhui Chu , Sadao Kurohashi

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR), driven by the emergence of end-to-end (E2E) models and the scaling of multilingual datasets. Despite that, two main challenges persist in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Zheshu Song , Jianheng Zhuo , Yifan Yang , Ziyang Ma , Shixiong Zhang , Xie Chen

Compared to hybrid automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems that use a modular architecture in which each component can be independently adapted to a new domain, recent end-to-end (E2E) ASR system are harder to customize due to their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Samuel Thomas , Brian Kingsbury , George Saon , Hong-Kwang J. Kuo

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has benefited from advances in pretrained speech and language models, yet most systems remain constrained to monolingual settings and short, isolated utterances. While recent efforts in context-aware ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yuchen Zhang , Haralambos Mouratidis , Ravi Shekhar

Language-agnostic many-to-one end-to-end speech translation models can convert audio signals from different source languages into text in a target language. These models do not need source language identification, which improves user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Peidong Wang , Jian Xue , Jinyu Li , Junkun Chen , Aswin Shanmugam Subramanian

In automatic speech recognition (ASR) what a user says depends on the particular context she is in. Typically, this context is represented as a set of word n-grams. In this work, we present a novel, all-neural, end-to-end (E2E) ASR sys- tem…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-09 Golan Pundak , Tara N. Sainath , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Anjuli Kannan , Ding Zhao

Scale has opened new frontiers in natural language processing, but at a high cost. In response, by learning to only activate a subset of parameters in training and inference, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) have been proposed as an energy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Xingchen Song , Di Wu , Binbin Zhang , Dinghao Zhou , Zhendong Peng , Bo Dang , Fuping Pan , Chao Yang

Confidence estimation, in which we estimate the reliability of each recognized token (e.g., word, sub-word, and character) in automatic speech recognition (ASR) hypotheses and detect incorrectly recognized tokens, is an important function…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-25 Atsunori Ogawa , Naohiro Tawara , Takatomo Kano , Marc Delcroix

Modern speaker verification systems primarily rely on speaker embeddings, followed by verification based on cosine similarity between the embedding vectors of the enrollment and test utterances. While effective, these methods struggle with…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Wan Lin , Junhui Chen , Tianhao Wang , Zhenyu Zhou , Lantian Li , Dong Wang

Speech separation has been successfully applied as a frontend processing module of conversation transcription systems thanks to its ability to handle overlapped speech and its flexibility to combine with downstream tasks such as automatic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-06 Jian Wu , Zhuo Chen , Sanyuan Chen , Yu Wu , Takuya Yoshioka , Naoyuki Kanda , Shujie Liu , Jinyu Li