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Hodge's formula represents the gravitational MHV amplitude as the determinant of a minor of a certain matrix. When expanded, this determinant becomes a sum over weighted trees, which is the form of the MHV formula first obtained by Bern,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-11-14 Kirill Krasnov , Carlos Scarinci

We prove that soft theorems uniquely fix scattering amplitudes in a wide range of theories, including Yang-Mills, gravity, the non-linear sigma model, Dirac-Born-Infeld, dilaton effective theories, extended theories like NLSM$\oplus \phi^3$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-02-27 Laurentiu Rodina

A modified Low procedure for constructing soft-photon amplitudes has been used to derive two general soft-photon amplitudes, a two-s-two-t special amplitude $M^{TsTts}_{\mu}$ and a two-u-two-t special amplitude $M^{TuTts}_{\mu}$, where s, t…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 M. K. Liou , Dahang Lin , B. F. Gibson

In this paper, we generalize the Nguyen-Spradlin-Volovich-Wen (NSVW) tree formula from the MHV sector to any helicity sector. We find a close connection between the Permutohedron and the KLT relation, and construct a non-trivial mapping…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-13 Qu Cao , Liang Zhang

In this note, I show that the recently proposed subleading soft factor in massless gauge theory uniquely follows from conformal symmetry of tree-level gauge theory amplitudes in four dimensions.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-10-08 Andrew J. Larkoski

We show that the half-integrands in the CHY representation of tree amplitudes give rise to the definition of differential forms -- the scattering forms -- on the moduli space of a Riemann sphere with $n$ marked points. These differential…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-04-04 Leonardo de la Cruz , Alexander Kniss , Stefan Weinzierl

A deep connection has been recently established between soft theorems and symmetries at null infinity in gravity and gauge theories, recasting the former as Ward identities of the latter. In particular, different orders (in the frequency of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-05-11 Eduardo Conde , Pujian Mao

We classify the rational Yangian invariants of the $m=2$ toy model of $\mathcal{N}=4$ Yang-Mills theory in terms of generalised triangles inside the amplituhedron $\mathcal{A}_{n,k}^{(2)}$. We enumerate and provide an explicit formula for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-01-08 Tomasz Lukowski , Matteo Parisi , Marcus Spradlin , Anastasia Volovich

Following an argument advanced by Feynman, we consider a method for obtaining the effective action which generates the sum of tree diagrams with external physical particles. This technique is applied, in the unbroken \lambda \phi^4 theory,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Fernando T Brandt , Josif Frenkel

Tropical algebraic geometry is the geometry of the tropical semiring (R, min, +). The theory of total positivity is a natural generalization of the study of matrices with all minors positive. In this paper we introduce the totally positive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David Speyer , Lauren K. Williams

A simple formula is given for the n-field tree-level MHV gravitational amplitude, based on soft limit factors. It expresses the full S_n symmetry naturally, as a determinant of elements of a symmetric (n \times n) matrix.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-04-10 Andrew Hodges

In this paper, we show that multiple maximally soft (anti-)quark and gluon emissions exponentiate at the level of either the amplitude or cross-section. We first show that such emissions can be captured by introducing new soft emission…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-20 Melissa van Beekveld , Leonardo Vernazza , Chris D. White

We argue that flat space amplitudes for the process $ 2 \to n$ gravitons at center of mass energies $\sqrt{s}$ much less than the Planck scale, will coincide approximately with amplitudes calculated from correlators of a boundary CFT for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-04-11 Tom Banks , Willy Fischler

Britto, Cachazo and Feng have recently derived a recursion relation for tree-level scattering amplitudes in Yang-Mills. This relation has a bilinear structure inherited from factorisation on multi-particle poles of the scattering amplitudes…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 James Bedford , Andreas Brandhuber , Bill Spence , Gabriele Travaglini

We investigate the Brower-Goddard extension of the Veneziano and Virasoro-Shapiro four-point amplitudes obtained by generalizing the Koba-Nielsen integrals to $d$-dimensional conformally invariant integrals. The amplitudes derived from this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-06-28 N. Emil J. Bjerrum-Bohr , Christian Baadsgaard Jepsen

We revisit the relations between open and closed string scattering amplitudes discovered by Kawai, Lewellen, and Tye (KLT). We show that they emerge from the underlying algebro-topological identities known as the twisted period relations.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-25 Sebastian Mizera

We introduce a new set of symmetries obeyed by tree-level gauge-theory amplitudes involving at least one gluon. The symmetry acts as a momentum-dependent shift on the color factors of the amplitude. Using the radiation vertex expansion, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-23 Robert W. Brown , Stephen G. Naculich

Combining the Berends-Giele and on-shell recursion relations we obtain an extremely compact expression for the scattering amplitude of a complex scalar-antiscalar pair and an arbitrary number of positive helicity gluons. This is one of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-22 Paola Ferrario , German Rodrigo , Pere Talavera

We study a variety of field theories with vanishing single soft limits. In all cases, the structure of the soft limit is controlled by a larger theory, which provides an extension of the original one by adding more fields and interactions.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-07-01 Freddy Cachazo , Peter Cha , Sebastian Mizera

In this letter, we propose a stringy model for $n$-point tree-level form factor with the off-shell operator in the scalar and gluon theories, from the bosonic string disk amplitude: $n$ open string states and $1$ closed string state scatter…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-07-14 Qu Cao