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Many of language models' impressive capabilities originate from their in-context learning: based on instructions or examples, they can infer and perform new tasks without weight updates. In this work, we investigate when representations for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yuxuan Li , Declan Campbell , Stephanie C. Y. Chan , Andrew Kyle Lampinen

Language models (LMs) are trained on collections of documents, written by individual human agents to achieve specific goals in an outside world. During training, LMs have access only to text of these documents, with no direct evidence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Jacob Andreas

One of the long-standing challenges in lexical semantics consists in learning representations of words which reflect their semantic properties. The remarkable success of word embeddings for this purpose suggests that high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Yixiao Wang , Zied Bouraoui , Luis Espinosa Anke , Steven Schockaert

Distributed representations of words have been shown to capture lexical semantics, as demonstrated by their effectiveness in word similarity and analogical relation tasks. But, these tasks only evaluate lexical semantics indirectly. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Thanapon Noraset , Chen Liang , Larry Birnbaum , Doug Downey

Deep neural network models represent the state-of-the-art methodologies for natural language processing. Here we build on top of these methodologies to incorporate temporal information and model how to review data changes with time.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Kostadin Cvejoski , Ramses J. Sanchez , Bogdan Georgiev , Christian Bauckhage , Cesar Ojeda

Context information around words helps in determining their actual meaning, for example "networks" used in contexts of artificial neural networks or biological neuron networks. Generative topic models infer topic-word distributions, taking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Pankaj Gupta , Florian Buettner , Hinrich Schütze

Mobile devices use language models to suggest words and phrases for use in text entry. Traditional language models are based on contextual word frequency in a static corpus of text. However, certain types of phrases, when offered to writers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-06 Kenneth C. Arnold , Kai-Wei Chang , Adam T. Kalai

Understanding a long document requires tracking how entities are introduced and evolve over time. We present a new type of language model, EntityNLM, that can explicitly model entities, dynamically update their representations, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Yangfeng Ji , Chenhao Tan , Sebastian Martschat , Yejin Choi , Noah A. Smith

Recurrent neural networks have been very successful at predicting sequences of words in tasks such as language modeling. However, all such models are based on the conventional classification framework, where the model is trained against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Hakan Inan , Khashayar Khosravi , Richard Socher

In this paper, we propose TopicRNN, a recurrent neural network (RNN)-based language model designed to directly capture the global semantic meaning relating words in a document via latent topics. Because of their sequential nature, RNNs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Adji B. Dieng , Chong Wang , Jianfeng Gao , John Paisley

Neural networks are among the state-of-the-art techniques for language modeling. Existing neural language models typically map discrete words to distributed, dense vector representations. After information processing of the preceding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Yunchuan Chen , Lili Mou , Yan Xu , Ge Li , Zhi Jin

Authorship attribution refers to the task of automatically determining the author based on a given sample of text. It is a problem with a long history and has a wide range of application. Building author profiles using language models is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-02-25 Zhenhao Ge , Yufang Sun

Extracting time-varying latent variables from computational cognitive models is a key step in model-based neural analysis, which aims to understand the neural correlates of cognitive processes. However, existing methods only allow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Ti-Fen Pan , Jing-Jing Li , Bill Thompson , Anne Collins

The goal of language modeling techniques is to capture the statistical and structural properties of natural languages from training corpora. This task typically involves the learning of short range dependencies, which generally model the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Youssef Oualil , Mittul Singh , Clayton Greenberg , Dietrich Klakow

We introduce Language World Models, a class of language-conditional generative model which interpret natural language messages by predicting latent codes of future observations. This provides a visual grounding of the message, similar to an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Alexander I. Cowen-Rivers , Jason Naradowsky

We investigate an extension of continuous online learning in recurrent neural network language models. The model keeps a separate vector representation of the current unit of text being processed and adaptively adjusts it after each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Marek Rei

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are very good at modelling the flow of text, but typically need to be trained on a far larger corpus than is available for the PAN 2015 Author Identification task. This paper describes a novel approach where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-17 Douglas Bagnall

Although attention-based Neural Machine Translation have achieved great success, attention-mechanism cannot capture the entire meaning of the source sentence because the attention mechanism generates a target word depending heavily on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Joji Toyama , Masanori Misono , Masahiro Suzuki , Kotaro Nakayama , Yutaka Matsuo

In this paper we propose a general framework for learning distributed representations of attributes: characteristics of text whose representations can be jointly learned with word embeddings. Attributes can correspond to document indicators…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-06-12 Ryan Kiros , Richard S. Zemel , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are the state of the art in sequence modeling for natural language. However, it remains poorly understood what grammatical characteristics of natural language they implicitly learn and represent as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Richard Futrell , Ethan Wilcox , Takashi Morita , Roger Levy