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The vulnerability to adversarial perturbations is a major flaw of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) that raises question about their reliability when in real-world scenarios. On the other hand, human perception, which DNNs are supposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Muhammad Ahmed Shah , Bhiksha Raj

Adversarial attacks on deep neural network models have seen rapid development and are extensively used to study the stability of these networks. Among various adversarial strategies, Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) is a widely adopted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Dayana Savostianova , Emanuele Zangrando , Francesco Tudisco

The vulnerability to slight input perturbations is a worrying yet intriguing property of deep neural networks (DNNs). Despite many previous works studying the reason behind such adversarial behavior, the relationship between the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-07 Yujun Shi , Benben Liao , Guangyong Chen , Yun Liu , Ming-Ming Cheng , Jiashi Feng

Despite their performance, Artificial Neural Networks are not reliable enough for most of industrial applications. They are sensitive to noises, rotations, blurs and adversarial examples. There is a need to build defenses that protect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Alfred Laugros , Alice Caplier , Matthieu Ospici

Adversarial training is exploited to develop a robust Deep Neural Network (DNN) model against the malicious altered data. These attacks may have catastrophic effects on DNN models but are indistinguishable for a human being. For example, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Farzad Nikfam , Alberto Marchisio , Maurizio Martina , Muhammad Shafique

Rotation is frequently listed as a candidate for data augmentation in contrastive learning but seldom provides satisfactory improvements. We argue that this is because the rotated image is always treated as either positive or negative. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Atsuyuki Miyai , Qing Yu , Daiki Ikami , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Deep neural networks give state-of-the-art accuracy for reconstructing images from few and noisy measurements, a problem arising for example in accelerated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, recent works have raised concerns that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-14 Mohammad Zalbagi Darestani , Akshay S. Chaudhari , Reinhard Heckel

Data augmentation plays a pivotal role in enhancing and diversifying training data. Nonetheless, consistently improving model performance in varied learning scenarios, especially those with inherent data biases, remains challenging. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Xiaoling Zhou , Wei Ye , Zhemg Lee , Rui Xie , Shikun Zhang

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. Adversarial training (AT) is a popular and effective strategy to defend against adversarial attacks. Recent works (Benz et al., 2020; Xu et al., 2021; Tian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Boqi Li , Weiwei Liu

Adversarial training and adversarial purification are two widely used defense strategies for enhancing model robustness against adversarial attacks. However, adversarial training requires costly retraining, while adversarial purification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Xuelong Dai , Dong Wang , Xiuzhen Cheng , Bin Xiao

We compare the robustness of humans and current convolutional deep neural networks (DNNs) on object recognition under twelve different types of image degradations. First, using three well known DNNs (ResNet-152, VGG-19, GoogLeNet) we find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Robert Geirhos , Carlos R. Medina Temme , Jonas Rauber , Heiko H. Schütt , Matthias Bethge , Felix A. Wichmann

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are highly sensitive to imperceptible malicious perturbations, known as adversarial attacks. Following the discovery of this vulnerability in real-world imaging and vision applications, the associated safety…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Tsachi Blau , Roy Ganz , Bahjat Kawar , Alex Bronstein , Michael Elad

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. However, recent studies have shown that adversarial perturbations can severely compromise the performance of such models. To address this vulnerability,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-12 Shilian Zheng , Xiaoxiang Wu , Luxin Zhang , Keqiang Yue , Peihan Qi , Zhijin Zhao

Deep neural networks are capable of training fast and generalizing well within many domains. Despite their promising performance, deep networks have shown sensitivities to perturbations of their inputs (e.g., adversarial examples) and their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Justin Goodwin , Olivia Brown , Victoria Helus

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can play a key role in Medical Image Analysis under large-scale annotated datasets. However, preparing such massive dataset is demanding. In this context, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-04 Changhee Han

Pruning is a well-known mechanism for reducing the computational cost of deep convolutional networks. However, studies have shown the potential of pruning as a form of regularization, which reduces overfitting and improves generalization.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Artur Jordao , Helio Pedrini

Adversarial training suffers from robust overfitting, a phenomenon where the robust test accuracy starts to decrease during training. In this paper, we focus on reducing robust overfitting by using common data augmentation schemes. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi , Sven Gowal , Dan A. Calian , Florian Stimberg , Olivia Wiles , Timothy Mann

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attack which is maliciously implemented by adding human-imperceptible perturbation to images and thus leads to incorrect prediction. Existing studies have proposed various methods to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Chen Ma , Chenxu Zhao , Hailin Shi , Li Chen , Junhai Yong , Dan Zeng

Adversarial attacks, particularly the Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) and Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) pose significant threats to the robustness of deep learning models in image classification. This paper explores and refines defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Hetvi Waghela , Jaydip Sen , Sneha Rakshit

The strategy of combining diffusion-based generative models with classifiers continues to demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on adversarial robustness benchmarks. Known as adversarial purification, this exploits a diffusion model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 David D. Nguyen , The-Anh Ta , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba