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The search task and the system both affect the demand on cognitive resources during information search. In some situations, the demands may become too high for a person. This article has a three-fold goal. First, it presents and critiques…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2010-05-18 Jacek Gwizdka

Web search is among the most ubiquitous online activities, commonly used to acquire new knowledge and to satisfy learning-related objectives through informational search sessions. The importance of learning as an outcome of web search has…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Ran Yu , Ujwal Gadiraju , Stefan Dietze

Web search is frequently used by people to acquire new knowledge and to satisfy learning-related objectives. In this context, informational search missions with an intention to obtain knowledge pertaining to a topic are prominent. The…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-05-03 Ran Yu , Ujwal Gadiraju , Peter Holtz , Markus Rokicki , Philipp Kemkes , Stefan Dietze

Nowadays, learning increasingly involves the usage of search engines and web resources. The related interdisciplinary research field search as learning aims to understand how people learn on the web. Previous work has investigated several…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Wolfgang Gritz , Anett Hoppe , Ralph Ewerth

Assessing cognitive load on web search is useful for characterizing search system features and search tasks with respect to their demands on the searcher's mental effort. It is also helpful for examining how individual differences among…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2010-01-12 Jacek Gwizdka

Conversational search is based on a user-system cooperation with the objective to solve an information-seeking task. In this report, we discuss the implication of such cooperation with the learning perspective from both user and system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Sharon Oviatt , Laure Soulier

It is widely known that people become better at an activity if they perform this activity long and often. Yet, the question is whether being active in related areas like communicating online, writing blog articles or commenting on community…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-11-19 Georg Singer , Pille Pruulmann-Vengerfeldt , Ulrich Norbisrath , Dirk Lewandowski

People use search engines to find answers to questions related to their health, finances, or other socially relevant issues. However, most users are unaware that search results are considerably influenced by search engine marketing (SEM).…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Sebastian Schultheiß

Information access systems are getting complex, and our understanding of user behavior during information seeking processes is mainly drawn from qualitative methods, such as observational studies or surveys. Leveraging the advances in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Kaixin Ji , Danula Hettiachchi , Flora D. Salim , Falk Scholer , Damiano Spina

When interacting with information retrieval (IR) systems, users, affected by confirmation biases, tend to select search results that confirm their existing beliefs on socially significant contentious issues. To understand the judgments and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ben Wang , Jiqun Liu

Nowadays, web search becomes more and more popular all over the world. Many researchers and developers have done lots of studies on behaviors of search users. In practice, the full understanding of these behaviors can not only help to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-06-25 Chao Liu , Zhenzhen Zheng , Jinkang Jia

Conversational search presents opportunities to support users in their search activities to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of search while reducing their cognitive load. Limitations of the potential competency of conversational…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Abhishek Kaushik , Gareth J. F. Jones

When users are looking for information on the Web, they show different behavior for different task types, e.g., for fact finding vs. information gathering tasks. For example, related work in this area has investigated how this behavior can…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-08-22 Daniel Hienert , Matthew Mitsui , Philipp Mayr , Chirag Shah , Nicholas J. Belkin

User-centered approaches have been extensively studied and used in the area of struggling search. Related research has targeted key aspects of users such as user satisfaction or frustration, and search success or failure, using a variety of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Luyan Xu , Xuan Zhou , Ujwal Gadiraju

The goal of this study is to expand our understanding of the relationships between selected tasks, cognitive abilities and search result interfaces. The underlying objective is to understand how to select search results presentation for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2010-04-14 Jacek Gwizdka

Search systems are increasingly used for gaining knowledge through accessing relevant resources from a vast volume of content. However, search systems provide only limited support to users in knowledge acquisition contexts. Specifically,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Yasin Ghafourian

Simulating user search behavior is a critical task in information retrieval, which can be employed for user behavior modeling, data augmentation, and system evaluation. Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have opened up new…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Erhan Zhang , Xingzhu Wang , Peiyuan Gong , Zixuan Yang , Jiaxin Mao

Lifelong learning can be viewed as a continuous transfer learning procedure over consecutive tasks, where learning a given task depends on accumulated knowledge --- the so-called knowledge base. Most published work on lifelong learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Changjian Shui , Ihsen Hedhli , Christian Gagné

Conversational search offers an easier and faster alternative to conventional web search, while having downsides like lack of source verification. Research has examined performance disparities between these two systems in different…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Yitian Yang , Yugin Tan , Yang Chen Lin , Jung-Tai King , Zihan Liu , Yi-Chieh Lee

More and more people use the Internet to work on duties of their daily work routine. To find the right information online, Web search engines are the tools of their choice. Apart from finding facts, people use Web search engines to also…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-09-17 Georg Singer , Ulrich Norbisrath , Dirk Lewandowski
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