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Natural Language Inference (NLI) is the task of determining whether a sentence pair represents entailment, contradiction, or a neutral relationship. While NLI models perform well on many inference tasks, their ability to handle fine-grained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Tara Azin , Daniel Dumitrescu , Diana Inkpen , Raj Singh

The predictive performance of supervised learning algorithms depends on the quality of labels. In a typical label collection process, multiple annotators provide subjective noisy estimates of the "truth" under the influence of their varying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Ryutaro Tanno , Ardavan Saeedi , Swami Sankaranarayanan , Daniel C. Alexander , Nathan Silberman

We revisit the reference determinacy (RD) assumption in the task of natural language inference (NLI), i.e., the premise and hypothesis are assumed to refer to the same context when human raters annotate a label. While RD is a practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Sihao Chen , Chaitanya Malaviya , Alex Fabrikant , Hagai Taitelbaum , Tal Schuster , Senaka Buthpitiya , Dan Roth

Natural Language Inference (NLI) is fundamental to many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications including semantic search and question answering. The NLI problem has gained significant attention thanks to the release of large scale,…

Estimating perceptual attributes of materials directly from images is a challenging task due to their complex, not fully-understood interactions with external factors, such as geometry and lighting. Supervised deep learning models have…

This study introduces a prescriptive annotation benchmark grounded in humanities research to ensure consistent, unbiased labeling of offensive language, particularly for casual and non-mainstream language uses. We contribute two newly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Xinmeng Hou

The inevitable appearance of spurious correlations in training datasets hurts the generalization of NLP models on unseen data. Previous work has found that datasets with paired inputs are prone to correlations between a specific part of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yanai Elazar , Bhargavi Paranjape , Hao Peng , Sarah Wiegreffe , Khyathi Raghavi , Vivek Srikumar , Sameer Singh , Noah A. Smith

We describe a formal model for annotating linguistic artifacts, from which we derive an application programming interface (API) to a suite of tools for manipulating these annotations. The abstract logical model provides for a range of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Steven Bird , David Day , John Garofolo , John Henderson , Christophe Laprun , Mark Liberman

State of the art models using deep neural networks have become very good in learning an accurate mapping from inputs to outputs. However, they still lack generalization capabilities in conditions that differ from the ones encountered during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Alexey Romanov , Chaitanya Shivade

Despite the growing progress in Natural Language Inference (NLI) research, resources for the Bengali language remain extremely limited. Existing Bengali NLI datasets exhibit several inconsistencies, including annotation errors, ambiguous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Farah Binta Haque , Md Yasin , Shishir Saha , Md Shoaib Akhter Rafi , Farig Sadeque

In supervised learning, low quality annotations lead to poorly performing classification and detection models, while also rendering evaluation unreliable. This is particularly apparent on temporal data, where annotation quality is affected…

Current deep learning paradigms largely benefit from the tremendous amount of annotated data. However, the quality of the annotations often varies among labelers. Multi-observer studies have been conducted to study these annotation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Xiaosong Wang , Ziyue Xu , Dong Yang , Leo Tam , Holger Roth , Daguang Xu

Many structured prediction problems (particularly in vision and language domains) are ambiguous, with multiple outputs being correct for an input - e.g. there are many ways of describing an image, multiple ways of translating a sentence;…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-11 Ashwin Kalyan , Stefan Lee , Anitha Kannan , Dhruv Batra

Large crowdsourced datasets are widely used for training and evaluating neural models on natural language inference (NLI). Despite these efforts, neural models have a hard time capturing logical inferences, including those licensed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Hitomi Yanaka , Koji Mineshima , Daisuke Bekki , Kentaro Inui , Satoshi Sekine , Lasha Abzianidze , Johan Bos

When strong partial-input baselines reveal artifacts in crowdsourced NLI datasets, the performance of full-input models trained on such datasets is often dismissed as reliance on spurious correlations. We investigate whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Neha Srikanth , Rachel Rudinger

Gender-bias stereotypes have recently raised significant ethical concerns in natural language processing. However, progress in detection and evaluation of gender bias in natural language understanding through inference is limited and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Shanya Sharma , Manan Dey , Koustuv Sinha

In-context Learning (ICL) has become the primary method for performing natural language tasks with Large Language Models (LLMs). The knowledge acquired during pre-training is crucial for this few-shot capability, providing the model with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Georgios Chochlakis , Alexandros Potamianos , Kristina Lerman , Shrikanth Narayanan

NLP research has attained high performances in abusive language detection as a supervised classification task. While in research settings, training and test datasets are usually obtained from similar data samples, in practice systems are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Isar Nejadgholi , Svetlana Kiritchenko

In essence, embedding algorithms work by optimizing the distance between a word and its usual context in order to generate an embedding space that encodes the distributional representation of words. In addition to single words or word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Andres Garcia-Silva , Ronald Denaux , Jose Manuel Gomez-Perez

Pre-trained neural language models give high performance on natural language inference (NLI) tasks. But whether they actually understand the meaning of the processed sequences remains unclear. We propose a new diagnostics test suite which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Aarne Talman , Marianna Apidianaki , Stergios Chatzikyriakidis , Jörg Tiedemann
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