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Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) comprises an area of growing interest in the field of machine learning. Despite notable advances, there are still problems that require investigation. The lazy agent pathology is a famous problem in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Rafael Pina , Varuna De Silva , Corentin Artaud

In multi-agent systems, complex interacting behaviors arise due to the high correlations among agents. However, previous work on modeling multi-agent interactions from demonstrations is primarily constrained by assuming the independence…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Minghuan Liu , Ming Zhou , Weinan Zhang , Yuzheng Zhuang , Jun Wang , Wulong Liu , Yong Yu

Recent multi-agent actor-critic methods have utilized centralized training with decentralized execution to address the non-stationarity of co-adapting agents. This training paradigm constrains learning to the centralized phase such that…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Kevin Corder , Manuel M. Vindiola , Keith Decker

The significant role of division of labor (DOL) in promoting cooperation is widely recognized in real-world applications.Many cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods have incorporated the concept of DOL to improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Yurui Li , Yuxuan Chen , Li Zhang , Shijian Li , Gang Pan

Centralized Training with Decentralized Execution (CTDE) has recently emerged as a popular framework for cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), where agents can use additional global state information to guide training in a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Yihe Zhou , Shunyu Liu , Yunpeng Qing , Kaixuan Chen , Tongya Zheng , Jie Song , Mingli Song

In cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning, a collection of agents learns to interact in a shared environment to achieve a common goal. We propose the use of reward machines (RM) -- Mealy machines used as structured representations…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Cyrus Neary , Zhe Xu , Bo Wu , Ufuk Topcu

Stochastic games are a popular framework for studying multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Recent advances in MARL have focused primarily on games with finitely many states. In this work, we study multi-agent learning in stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Awni Altabaa , Bora Yongacoglu , Serdar Yüksel

For groups of autonomous agents to achieve a particular goal, they must engage in coordination and long-horizon reasoning. However, designing reward functions to elicit such behavior is challenging. In this paper, we study how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Chirayu Nimonkar , Shlok Shah , Catherine Ji , Benjamin Eysenbach

In this paper, we study the problem of networked multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where a number of agents are deployed as a partially connected network and each interacts only with nearby agents. Networked MARL requires all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Yuxuan Yi , Ge Li , Yaowei Wang , Zongqing Lu

Independent on-policy policy gradient algorithms are widely used for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in cooperative and no-conflict games, but they are known to converge sub-optimally when each agent's individual policy gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Nicholas E. Corrado , Josiah P. Hanna

Offline cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) faces unique challenges due to distributional shifts, particularly stemming from the high dimensionality of joint action spaces and the presence of out-of-distribution joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Dan Qiao , Wenhao Li , Shanchao Yang , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has made substantial strides in addressing the distributed decision-making challenges. However, as multi-agent systems grow in complexity, gaining a comprehensive understanding of their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Wiem Khlifi , Siddarth Singh , Omayma Mahjoub , Ruan de Kock , Abidine Vall , Rihab Gorsane , Arnu Pretorius

Addressing complex cooperative tasks in safety-critical environments poses significant challenges for multi-agent systems, especially under conditions of partial observability. We focus on a dynamic network bridging task, where agents must…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Raffaele Galliera , Konstantinos Mitsopoulos , Niranjan Suri , Raffaele Romagnoli

In order for artificial agents to coordinate effectively with people, they must act consistently with existing conventions (e.g. how to navigate in traffic, which language to speak, or how to coordinate with teammates). A group's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Adam Lerer , Alexander Peysakhovich

In this paper, we address the problem of behavior-based cooperative navigation of mobile robots using safe multi-agent reinforcement learning~(MARL). Our work is the first to focus on cooperative navigation without individual reference…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Murad Dawood , Sicong Pan , Nils Dengler , Siqi Zhou , Angela P. Schoellig , Maren Bennewitz

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms are widely adopted in tackling complex tasks that require collaboration and competition among agents in dynamic Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). However, learning such tasks from scratch is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Ayesha Siddika Nipu , Siming Liu , Anthony Harris

Closed-loop traffic simulation requires agents that are both scalable and behaviorally realistic. Recent self-play reinforcement learning approaches demonstrate strong scalability, but their equilibrium strategies fail to capture the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Weifan Zhang , Xiaofeng Zhao , Adel Bazzi , Mingrui Li , Yifan Wei , Dengfeng Sun

In this paper, we consider resource allocation for a collaborative integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) scenario, in which distributed smart devices can be scheduled to perform sensing and transmit their sensing features to a fusion…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Trong Duy Tran , Maxime Ferreira Da Costa , Salah Eddine Elayoubi , Nguyen Linh Trung

A challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) is minimizing the cost of sampling associated with exploration. Distributed exploration reduces sampling complexity in multi-agent RL (MARL). We investigate the benefits to performance in MARL when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Justin Lidard , Udari Madhushani , Naomi Ehrich Leonard

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is typically framed as a decentralised partially observable Markov decision process (Dec-POMDP), a setting whose hardness stems from two key challenges: partial observability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Kale-ab Tessera , Leonard Hinckeldey , Riccardo Zamboni , David Abel , Amos Storkey