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We cast episodic Markov decision process (MDP) planning as Bayesian inference over policies. A policy is treated as the latent variable and is assigned an unnormalized probability of optimality that is monotone in its expected return,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 David Tolpin

We consider two-player stochastic games played on a finite graph for infinitely many rounds. Stochastic games generalize both Markov decision processes (MDP) by adding an adversary player, and two-player deterministic games by adding…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Laurent Doyen

In decision-dependent games, multiple players optimize their decisions under a data distribution that shifts with their joint actions, creating complex dynamics in applications like market pricing. A practical consequence of these dynamics…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Guangzheng Zhong , Yang Liu , Jiming Liu

We study a class of stochastic dynamic games that exhibit strategic complementarities between players; formally, in the games we consider, the payoff of a player has increasing differences between her own state and the empirical…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2010-12-13 Sachin Adlakha , Ramesh Johari

This paper studies the approximation of optimal control policies by quantized (discretized) policies for a very general class of Markov decision processes (MDPs). The problem is motivated by applications in networked control systems,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-05-14 Naci Saldi , Serdar Yüksel , Tamás Linder

In this paper we model basketball plays as episodes from team-specific non-stationary Markov decision processes (MDPs) with shot clock dependent transition probabilities. Bayesian hierarchical models are employed in the modeling and…

Applications · Statistics 2021-04-19 Nathan Sandholtz , Luke Bornn

Traditional solvable game theory and mean-field-type game theory (risk-aware games) predominantly focus on quadratic costs due to their analytical tractability. Nevertheless, they often fail to capture critical non-linearities inherent in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-09 Julian Barreiro-Gomez , Tyrone E. Duncan , Bozenna Pasik-Duncan , Hamidou Tembine

Network congestion games are a well-understood model of multi-agent strategic interactions. Despite their ubiquitous applications, it is not clear whether it is possible to design information structures to ameliorate the overall experience…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Matteo Castiglioni , Andrea Celli , Alberto Marchesi , Nicola Gatti

The Naming Game is a model of non-equilibrium dynamics for the self-organized emergence of a linguistic convention or a communication system in a population of agents with pairwise local interactions. We present an extensive study of its…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Luca Dall'Asta , Andrea Baronchelli , Alain Barrat , Vittorio Loreto

Imitating successful behavior is a natural and frequently applied approach to trust in when facing scenarios for which we have little or no experience upon which we can base our decision. In this paper, we consider such behavior in atomic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-10-04 Heiner Ackermann , Petra Berenbrink , Simon Fischer , Martin Hoefer

The Markov decision process (MDP) formulation used to model many real-world sequential decision making problems does not efficiently capture the setting where the set of available decisions (actions) at each time step is stochastic.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Yash Chandak , Georgios Theocharous , Blossom Metevier , Philip S. Thomas

We study a stochastic game framework with dynamic set of players, for modeling and analyzing their computational investment strategies in distributed computing. Players obtain a certain reward for solving the problem or for providing their…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Swapnil Dhamal , Walid Ben-Ameur , Tijani Chahed , Eitan Altman , Albert Sunny , Sudheer Poojary

Logit dynamics is a form of randomized game dynamics where players have a bias towards strategic deviations that give a higher improvement in cost. It is used extensively in practice. In congestion (or potential) games, the dynamics…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Pieter Kleer

This paper considers mean field games in a multi-agent Markov decision process (MDP) framework. Each player has a continuum state and binary action. By active control, a player can bring its state to a resetting point. All players are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-01-25 Minyi Huang , Yan Ma

Stochastic differential games are considered in a non-Markovian setting. Typically, in stochastic differential games the modulating process of the diffusion equation describing the state flow is taken to be Markovian. Then Nash equilibria…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Erhan Bayraktar , H. Vincent Poor

A classical approach to formal policy synthesis in stochastic dynamical systems is to construct a finite-state abstraction, often represented as a Markov decision process (MDP). The correctness of these approaches hinges on a behavioural…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-08 Thom Badings , Alessandro Abate

Congestion games model a wide variety of real-world resource congestion problems, such as selfish network routing, traffic route guidance in congested areas, taxi fleet optimization and crowd movement in busy areas. However, existing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Asrar Ahmed , Pradeep Varakantham , Shih-Fen Cheng

We investigate the dynamics of Q-learning in a class of generalized Braess paradox games. These games represent an important class of network routing games where the associated stage-game Nash equilibria do not constitute social optima. We…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-02-27 Cesare Carissimo , Jan Nagler , Heinrich Nax

The minimum-effort coordination game, having potentially important implications in both evolutionary biology and sociology, draws recently more attention for the fact that human behavior in this social dilemma is often inconsistent with the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-03-22 Kun Li , Rui Cong , Long Wang

This paper considers mean field games in a multi-agent Markov decision process (MDP) framework. Each player has a continuum state and binary action, and benefits from the improvement of the condition of the overall population. Based on an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-05 Minyi Huang , Yan Ma