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Through photometry and spectroscopy, we studied the evolution of the activity and chemical composition of comet 67P during its 2025 and 2021 perihelion passages and of comet 103P during its 2010 and 2023 passages. For each comet, we aim to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-07 E. Hemmen , M. Vander Donckt , E. Jehin , S. Hmiddouch , K. Aravind , J. Manfroid , Z. Benkhaldoun , A. Jabiri , S. Ganesh

This study provides a continuous ephemeris reconstruction for comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by reanalyzing Rosetta radiometric measurements and Earth-based astrometry. Given the comet-to-spacecraft relative trajectory provided by the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-13 Riccardo Lasagni Manghi , Marco Zannoni , Paolo Tortora , Frank Budnik , Bernard Godard , Nicholas Attree

Solar wind charge-changing reactions are of paramount importance to the physico-chemistry of the atmosphere of a comet because they mass-load the solar wind through an effective conversion of fast, light solar wind ions into slow, heavy…

Context. Breathtaking imagery recorded during the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission confirmed the bilobate nature of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko's nucleus. Its peculiar appearance is not unique among comets. The majority of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 D. E. Vavilov , S. Eggl , Yu. D. Medvedev , P. B. Zatitskiy

Before Rosetta, the space missions Giotto and Stardust shaped our view on cometary dust, supported by plentiful data from Earth based observations and interplanetary dust particles collected in the Earth's atmosphere. The Rosetta mission at…

We here study the transfer process of material from one hemisphere to the other (deposition of airfall material) on an active comet nucleus, specifically 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Our goals are to: 1) quantify the thickness of the airfall…

Observations of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko were performed with MUSE at large heliocentric distances post-perihelion, between March 3 and 7, 2016. Those observations were part of a simultaneous ground-based campaign aimed at providing…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-04 C. Opitom , A. Guilbert-Lepoutre , S. Besse , B. Yang , C. Snodgrass

In this work we aim to characterise the dust motion in the inner coma of comet 67P/Churyumov- Gerasimenko to provide constraints for theoretical 3D coma models. The OSIRIS camera onboard the Rosetta mission was able for the first time to…

This paper presents the past evolution of the orbital elements of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, target of the Rosetta spacecraft. The gravitational orbit of the comet is affected by the sublimation of ice from the nucleus that triggers…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-01 Lucie Maquet

We report on the results of nearly 10 hours of integration of the dust trail and neckline of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P henceforth) using the Wide Field Imager at the ESO/MPG 2.2m telescope in La Silla. The data was obtained in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Agarwal , H. Boehnhardt , E. Gruen

Comets are considered to be some of the most pristine and unprocessed solar system objects accessible to in-situ exploration. Investigating their molecular and elemental composition takes us on a journey back to the early period of our…

Modeling the contact surfaces formed by pebble collisions is crucial to understanding the formation process of comets, which are thought to be composed of pebbles. In this paper, we develop a new model to estimate the contact surface radius…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-14 Misako Tatsuuma , Satoshi Okuzumi , Akimasa Kataoka , Hidekazu Tanaka

We present the results of the photometric and spectrophotometric properties of the 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko nucleus derived with the OSIRIS instrument during the closest fly-by over the comet, which took place on 14 th February 2015 at a…

Cometary activity affects the orbital motion and rotation state due to sublimation induced forces. The availability of precise rotation-axis orientation and position data from the Rosetta mission allows one to accurately determine the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-25 Tobias Kramer , Matthias Laeuter

Cliff collapses on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko expose relatively pristine nucleus matter and offer rare opportunities to characterise ice-rich comet material. Here, Microwave Instrument for \emph{Rosetta} Orbiter (MIRO) observations of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-22 Björn J. R. Davidsson

The ESA Rosetta mission has acquired unprecedented measurements of comet 67/P-Churyumov-Gerasimenko (hereafter 67P) nucleus surface, whose composition, as determined by in situ and remote sensing instruments including VIRTIS (Visible,…

The Rosetta spacecraft detected transient and sporadic diamagnetic regions around comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. In this paper we present a statistical analysis of bulk and suprathermal electron dynamics, as well as a case study of…

The cometary materials are thought to be the reservoir of primitive materials in the Solar System. The recent detection of glycine and CH$_3$NH$_2$ by the ROSINA mass spectrometer in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko suggests that amino…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Taiki Suzuki , Yoshiharu Shinnaka , Liton Majumdar , Takashi Shibata , Yuhito Shibaike , Hideko Nomura , Harumi Minamoto

We analysed layering-related linear features on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) to determine the internal configuration of the layerings within the nucleus. We used high-resolution images from the OSIRIS Narrow Angle…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-03 Birko-Katarina Ruzicka , Luca Penasa , Hermann Boehnhardt , Andreas Pack , Benoit Dolives , Fabrice Souvannavong , Emile Remetean