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Answering complex questions about textual narratives requires reasoning over both stated context and the world knowledge that underlies it. However, pretrained language models (LM), the foundation of most modern QA systems, do not robustly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Xikun Zhang , Antoine Bosselut , Michihiro Yasunaga , Hongyu Ren , Percy Liang , Christopher D. Manning , Jure Leskovec

The open-ended Visual Question Answering (VQA) task requires AI models to jointly reason over visual and natural language inputs using world knowledge. Recently, pre-trained Language Models (PLM) such as GPT-3 have been applied to the task…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of performing zero-shot closed-book question answering tasks, based on their internal knowledge stored in parameters during pre-training. However, such internalized knowledge might be insufficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jinheon Baek , Alham Fikri Aji , Amir Saffari

Question Answering is a task which requires building models capable of providing answers to questions expressed in human language. Full question answering involves some form of reasoning ability. We introduce a neural network architecture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-09 Andrea Madotto , Giuseppe Attardi

World models improve a learning agent's ability to efficiently operate in interactive and situated environments. This work focuses on the task of building world models of text-based game environments. Text-based games, or interactive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Mark O. Riedl

Generating natural questions from an image is a semantic task that requires using visual and language modality to learn multimodal representations. Images can have multiple visual and language contexts that are relevant for generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Badri N. Patro , Sandeep Kumar , Vinod K. Kurmi , Vinay P. Namboodiri

Commonsense question-answering (QA) methods combine the power of pre-trained Language Models (LM) with the reasoning provided by Knowledge Graphs (KG). A typical approach collects nodes relevant to the QA pair from a KG to form a Working…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Dhaval Taunk , Lakshya Khanna , Pavan Kandru , Vasudeva Varma , Charu Sharma , Makarand Tapaswi

We present $\textbf{$\texttt{SkillQG}$}$: a question generation framework with controllable comprehension types for assessing and improving machine reading comprehension models. Existing question generation systems widely differentiate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Xiaoqiang Wang , Bang Liu , Siliang Tang , Lingfei Wu

Question Generation (QG) receives increasing research attention in NLP community. One motivation for QG is that QG significantly facilitates the preparation of educational reading practice and assessments. While the significant advancement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Ying-Hong Chan , Ho-Lam Chung , Yao-Chung Fan

In knowledge grounded conversation, domain knowledge plays an important role in a special domain such as Music. The response of knowledge grounded conversation might contain multiple answer entities or no entity at all. Although existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Wenya Zhu , Kaixiang Mo , Yu Zhang , Zhangbin Zhu , Xuezheng Peng , Qiang Yang

Answering questions using pre-trained language models (LMs) and knowledge graphs (KGs) presents challenges in identifying relevant knowledge and performing joint reasoning.We compared LMs (fine-tuned for the task) with the previously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Shreyas Verma , Manoj Parmar , Palash Choudhary , Sanchita Porwal

Question answering (QA) models for reading comprehension have been demonstrated to exploit unintended dataset biases such as question-context lexical overlap. This hinders QA models from generalizing to under-represented samples such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Kazutoshi Shinoda , Saku Sugawara , Akiko Aizawa

A fundamental ability of humans is to utilize commonsense knowledge in language understanding and question answering. In recent years, many knowledge-enhanced Commonsense Question Answering (CQA) approaches have been proposed. However, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Ning Bian , Xianpei Han , Bo Chen , Le Sun

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) on open-ended questions is difficult because response quality depends on the question's context. Binary scores and static rubrics fail to capture these context-dependent requirements. Existing methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Shanghua Gao , Yuchang Su , Pengwei Sui , Curtis Ginder , Marinka Zitnik

We propose a query-based generative model for solving both tasks of question generation (QG) and question an- swering (QA). The model follows the classic encoder- decoder framework. The encoder takes a passage and a query as input then…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Linfeng Song , Zhiguo Wang , Wael Hamza

There has been a lot of work in question generation where different methods to provide target answers as input, have been employed. This experimentation has been mostly carried out for RNN based models. We use three different methods and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Talha Chafekar , Aafiya Hussain , Grishma Sharma , Deepak Sharma

Recent work has investigated the interesting question using pre-trained language models (PLMs) as knowledge bases for answering open questions. However, existing work is limited in using small benchmarks with high test-train overlaps. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Cunxiang Wang , Pai Liu , Yue Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) shows impressive performance by supplementing and substituting parametric knowledge in Large Language Models (LLMs). Retrieved knowledge can be divided into three types: explicit answer evidence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Zhichao Yan , Jiapu Wang , Jiaoyan Chen , Yanyan Wang , Hongye Tan , Jiye Liang , Xiaoli Li , Ru Li , Jeff Z. Pan

Multi-hop Question Answering (QA) requires the machine to answer complex questions by finding scattering clues and reasoning from multiple documents. Graph Network (GN) and Question Decomposition (QD) are two common approaches at present.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Jiawei Li , Mucheng Ren , Yang Gao , Yizhe Yang

With the rapid development of remote sensing image archives, asking questions about images has become an effective way of gathering specific information or performing image retrieval. However, automatically generated image-based questions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Siran Li , Li Mi , Javiera Castillo-Navarro , Devis Tuia