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We study distribution testing without direct access to a source of relevant data, but rather to one where only a tiny fraction is relevant. To enable this, we introduce the following verification query model. The goal is to perform a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hadley Black , Christopher Ye

We study the problem of testing if a function depends on a small number of linear directions of its input data. We call a function $f$ a linear $k$-junta if it is completely determined by some $k$-dimensional subspace of the input space. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Anindya De , Elchanan Mossel , Joe Neeman

Independence testing is a fundamental problem in statistical inference: given samples from a joint distribution $p$ over multiple random variables, the goal is to determine whether $p$ is a product distribution or is $\epsilon$-far from all…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-06 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Alireza Azizi , Ria Stevens

Scalar-on-function linear models are commonly used to regress functional predictors on a scalar response. However, functional models are more difficult to estimate and interpret than traditional linear models, and may be unnecessarily…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-13 Stephanie T. Chen , Luo Xiao , Ana-Maria Staicu

A nonparametric anomalous hypothesis testing problem is investigated, in which there are totally n sequences with s anomalous sequences to be detected. Each typical sequence contains m independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-15 Shaofeng Zou , Yingbin Liang , H. Vincent Poor , Xinghua Shi

`Distribution regression' refers to the situation where a response Y depends on a covariate P where P is a probability distribution. The model is Y=f(P) + mu where f is an unknown regression function and mu is a random error. Typically, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-02-04 Barnabas Poczos , Alessandro Rinaldo , Aarti Singh , Larry Wasserman

For a permutation $\pi:[k] \to [k]$, a function $f:[n] \to \mathbb{R}$ contains a $\pi$-appearance if there exists $1 \leq i_1 < i_2 < \dots < i_k \leq n$ such that for all $s,t \in [k]$, $f(i_s) < f(i_t)$ if and only if $\pi(s) < \pi(t)$.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Ilan Newman , Nithin Varma

Distribution function is essential in statistical inference, and connected with samples to form a directed closed loop by the correspondence theorem in measure theory and the Glivenko-Cantelli and Donsker properties. This connection creates…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-02 Xueqin Wang , Jin Zhu , Wenliang Pan , Junhao Zhu , Heping Zhang

Distribution testing deals with what information can be deduced about an unknown distribution over $\{1,\ldots,n\}$, where the algorithm is only allowed to obtain a relatively small number of independent samples from the distribution. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-09-23 Eldar Fischer , Oded Lachish , Yadu Vasudev

We consider a stationary linear AR($p$) model with unknown mean. The autoregression parameters as well as the distribution function (d.f.) $G$ of innovations are unknown. The observations contain gross errors (outliers). The distribution of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-22 Michael Boldin

We study distribution-free property testing and learning problems where the unknown probability distribution is a product distribution over $\mathbb{R}^d$. For many important classes of functions, such as intersections of halfspaces,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Nathaniel Harms , Yuichi Yoshida

Distributional transformations characterized by equations relating expectations of test functions weighted by a given biasing function on the original distribution to expectations of the test function's higher derivatives with respect to…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-23 Christian Döbler

Random geometric graphs are widely used in modeling geometry and dependence structure in networks. In a random geometric graph, nodes are independently generated from some probability distribution $F$ over a metric space, and edges link…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-17 Mingao Yuan

We consider a regression model with errors that are a.s. negative. Thus the regression function is not the expected value of the observations but the right endpoint of their support. We develop two goodness-of-fit tests for the hypotheses…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-01 Jürgen Kampf , Alexander Meister

We develop some graph-based tests for spherical symmetry of a multivariate distribution using a method based on data augmentation. These tests are constructed using a new notion of signs and ranks that are computed along a path obtained by…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-10 Bilol Banerjee , Anil K. Ghosh

Functional linear models are one of the most fundamental tools to assess the relation between two random variables of a functional or scalar nature. This contribution proposes a goodness-of-fit test for the functional linear model with…

There is a substantial literature on testing for the equality of the cumulative incidence functions associated with one specific cause in a competing risks setting across several populations against specific or all alternatives. In this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Hammou El Barmi , Subhash Kochar , Hari Mukerjee

The main purpose of this paper is to give characterization theorems on derivations as well as on linear functions. Among others the following problem will be investigated: Let $n\in\mathbb{Z}$, $f, g\colon\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ be…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-07-03 Eszter Gselmann

We consider a stationary linear $AR(p)$ model with zero mean. The autoregression parameters as well as the distribution function (d.f.) $G(x)$ of innovations are unknown. We consider two situations. In the first situation the observations…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-12 M. V. Boldin , A. R. Shabakaeva

Most existing methods for testing equality of means of functional data from multiple populations rely on assumptions of equal covariance and/or Gaussianity. In this work we provide a new testing method based on a statistic that is…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-30 Chuang Xu , Andrew T. A. Wood , Yanrong Yang