Related papers: Enhanced diffusion and enzyme dissociation
The present approach to SERS does not rely on a hihj electrical conductivity substrate or admixture to enable the SERS process. The novelty of our method is to create an artificial periodic electron distribution on a surface by illumination…
Quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) probes atomic and molecular motion on length and time scales central to catalysis, energy materials, and gas adsorption. However, conventional analytical fitting of QENS spectra often fails to…
The earlier-suggested master equation approach is used to develop the consistent statistical theory of diffusion in alloys using the five-frequency model of FCC alloys as an example. Expressions for the Onsager coefficients in terms of…
Ceria has been extensively studied since it has many applications in diverse research fields. However, the mechanism of the hydrogen dynamics, especially the diffusion kinetics on a microscopic level is still unclear as the experimental…
Plants create sugar in the mesophyll cells of their leaves by photosynthesis. This sugar, mostly sucrose, has to be loaded via the bundle sheath into the phloem vascular system (the sieve elements), where it is distributed to growing parts…
The effect of sequence heterogeneity on polynucleotide translocation across a pore and on simple models of molecular motors such as helicases, DNA polymerase/exonuclease and RNA polymerase is studied in detail. Pore translocation of RNA or…
Cytoskeletal active nematics exhibit striking non-equilibrium dynamics that are powered by energy-consuming molecular motors. To gain insight into the structure and mechanics of these materials, we design programmable clusters in which…
Free-electron laser hard X-ray light sources can provide high fluence, femtosecond pulses, enabling the time-resolved probing of structural dynamics and elementary relaxation processes in molecules. Traditional X-ray elastic scattering from…
In this work, we develop an extended uniform potential (UP) model for a membrane nanopore by including two different charging mechanisms of the pore walls, namely by electronic charge and by chemical charge. These two charging mechanisms…
A combination of high-resolution x-ray diffraction and a new technique of x-ray standing wave uorescence at grazing incidence is employed to study the structure of (Ga,Mn)As diluted magnetic semiconductor and its changes during post-growth…
Soft substrates such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) enhance droplet nucleation during the condensation of water vapour, because their deformability inherently reduces the energetic threshold for heterogeneous nucleation relative to rigid…
Mixture-of-Experts-based (MoE-based) diffusion models demonstrate remarkable scalability in high-fidelity image generation, yet their reliance on expert parallelism introduces critical communication bottlenecks. State-of-the-art methods…
Microparticles migrate in response to gradients in solute concentration through diffusiophoresis and diffusioosmosis. Merging streams of fluid with distinct solute concentrations is a common strategy for producing a steady concentration…
The transport of an infinitely thin, hard rod in a random, dense array of point obstacles is investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. Our model mimics the sterically hindered dynamics in dense needle liquids. The center-of-mass…
Constrained diffusions in convex polyhedral domains with a general oblique reflection field, and with a diffusion coefficient scaled by a small parameter, are considered. Using an interior Dirichlet heat kernel lower bound estimate for…
Diffusion models has emerged as a powerful framework for tasks like image controllable generation and dense prediction. However, existing models often struggle to capture underlying semantics (e.g., edges, textures, shapes) and effectively…
A new process for obtaining the ethyl esters of volatile fatty acids with ethanol by using aluminium chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst is proposed. Aluminium chloride not only exhibits good activity, composition equilibrium is achieved…
Channels are Catalysts for Diffusion and in that sense are Enzymes. This idea is useful for the design and interpretation of experiments.
The concept of random walk, in which particles or waves undergo multiple collisions with the microscopic constituents of a surrounding medium, is central to understanding diffusive transport across many research areas. However, this…
Environmental transmission electron microscopy (E-TEM) enables direct observation of nanoscale chemical processes crucial for catalysis and materials design. However, the high-energy electron probe can dramatically alter reaction pathways…