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Text-based visual descriptors--ranging from simple class names to more descriptive phrases--are widely used in visual concept discovery and image classification with vision-language models (VLMs). Their effectiveness, however, depends on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Ethan Lin , Linxi Zhao , Atharva Sehgal , Jennifer J. Sun

While researchers often study message features like moral content in text, such as party manifestos and social media, their quantification remains a challenge. Conventional human coding struggles with scalability and intercoder reliability.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zening Duan , Anqi Shao , Yicheng Hu , Heysung Lee , Xining Liao , Yoo Ji Suh , Jisoo Kim , Kai-Cheng Yang , Kaiping Chen , Sijia Yang

Evaluation metrics are a key ingredient for progress of text generation systems. In recent years, several BERT-based evaluation metrics have been proposed (including BERTScore, MoverScore, BLEURT, etc.) which correlate much better with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Marvin Kaster , Wei Zhao , Steffen Eger

Machine translation evaluation is a very important activity in machine translation development. Automatic evaluation metrics proposed in literature are inadequate as they require one or more human reference translations to compare them with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-11-18 Nisheeth Joshi , Iti Mathur , Hemant Darbari , Ajai Kumar

Recent neural models for data-to-document generation have achieved remarkable progress in producing fluent and informative texts. However, large proportions of generated texts do not actually conform to the input data. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Feng Nie , Hailin Chen , Jinpeng Wang , Jin-Ge Yao , Chin-Yew Lin , Rong Pan

The task of generating natural language descriptions from images has received a lot of attention in recent years. Consequently, it is becoming increasingly important to evaluate such image captioning approaches in an automatic manner. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-23 Mert Kilickaya , Aykut Erdem , Nazli Ikizler-Cinbis , Erkut Erdem

Measuring the quality of a generated sequence against a set of references is a central problem in many learning frameworks, be it to compute a score, to assign a reward, or to perform discrimination. Despite great advances in model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Florian Schmidt , Thomas Hofmann

Generative models have demonstrated remarkable capability in synthesizing high-quality text, images, and videos. For video generation, contemporary text-to-video models exhibit impressive capabilities, crafting visually stunning videos.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Jay Zhangjie Wu , Guian Fang , Haoning Wu , Xintao Wang , Yixiao Ge , Xiaodong Cun , David Junhao Zhang , Jia-Wei Liu , Yuchao Gu , Rui Zhao , Weisi Lin , Wynne Hsu , Ying Shan , Mike Zheng Shou

Motion generation, the task of synthesizing realistic motion sequences from various conditioning inputs, has become a central problem in computer vision, computer graphics, and robotics, with applications ranging from animation and virtual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Aliasghar Khani , Arianna Rampini , Bruno Roy , Larasika Nadela , Noa Kaplan , Evan Atherton , Derek Cheung , Jacky Bibliowicz

Text embeddings are numerical representations of text data, where words, phrases, or entire documents are converted into vectors of real numbers. These embeddings capture semantic meanings and relationships between text elements in a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Fusheng Wei , Robert Neary , Han Qin , Qiang Mao , Jianping Zhang

The vision and language generative models have been overgrown in recent years. For video generation, various open-sourced models and public-available services have been developed to generate high-quality videos. However, these methods often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yaofang Liu , Xiaodong Cun , Xuebo Liu , Xintao Wang , Yong Zhang , Haoxin Chen , Yang Liu , Tieyong Zeng , Raymond Chan , Ying Shan

While machine-generated texts (MGTs) offer great convenience, they also pose risks such as disinformation and phishing, highlighting the need for reliable detection. Metric-based methods, which extract statistically distinguishable features…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Chenwang Wu , Yiu-ming Cheung , Shuhai Zhang , Bo Han , Defu Lian

Text-driven human motion generation, as one of the vital tasks in computer-aided content creation, has recently attracted increasing attention. While pioneering research has largely focused on improving numerical performance metrics on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Yunyao Mao , Xiaoyang Liu , Wengang Zhou , Zhenbo Lu , Houqiang Li

Generative artificial intelligence has made significant strides, producing text indistinguishable from human prose and remarkably photorealistic images. Automatically measuring how close the generated data distribution is to the target…

In an attempt to improve overall translation quality, there has been an increasing focus on integrating more linguistic elements into Machine Translation (MT). While significant progress has been achieved, especially recently with neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Karin Sim Smith , Lucia Specia

Is it possible to build a general and automatic natural language generation (NLG) evaluation metric? Existing learned metrics either perform unsatisfactorily or are restricted to tasks where large human rating data is already available. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Wenda Xu , Yilin Tuan , Yujie Lu , Michael Saxon , Lei Li , William Yang Wang

We present a framework for building unsupervised representations of entities and their compositions, where each entity is viewed as a probability distribution rather than a vector embedding. In particular, this distribution is supported…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Sidak Pal Singh , Andreas Hug , Aymeric Dieuleveut , Martin Jaggi

Referenceless metrics (e.g., CLIPScore) use pretrained vision--language models to assess image descriptions directly without costly ground-truth reference texts. Such methods can facilitate rapid progress, but only if they truly align with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Elisa Kreiss , Eric Zelikman , Christopher Potts , Nick Haber

Research in the area of style transfer for text is currently bottlenecked by a lack of standard evaluation practices. This paper aims to alleviate this issue by experimentally identifying best practices with a Yelp sentiment dataset. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Remi Mir , Bjarke Felbo , Nick Obradovich , Iyad Rahwan

Systems that generate natural language text from abstract meaning representations such as AMR are typically evaluated using automatic surface matching metrics that compare the generated texts to reference texts from which the input meaning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Juri Opitz , Anette Frank