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A first-order relativistic wave equation is constructed in five dimensions. Its solutions are eight-component spinors, which are interpreted as single-particle fermion wave functions in four-dimensional spacetime. Use of a ``cylinder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 N. Redington , M. A. K. Lodhi

The semiclassical kinetic theory of Dirac particles in the presence of external electromagnetic fields and global rotation is established. To provide the Hamiltonian formulation of Dirac particles a symplectic two-form which is a matrix in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-05-02 O. F. Dayi , E. Kilincarslan , E. Yunt

The scattering of a Dirac particle has been studied for a quaternionic potential step. In the potential region an additional diffusion solution is obtained. The quaternionic solution which generalizes the complex one presents an…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Stefano De Leo , Gisele Ducati , Sergio Giardino

Expanding the ordinary Dirac's equation in quaternionic form yields Maxwell-like field equations. As in the Maxwell's formulation, the particle fields are represented by a scalar, $\psi_0$ and a vector $\vec{\psi}$. The analogy with…

General Physics · Physics 2017-04-25 A. I. Arbab

We perform a one-dimensional complexified quaternionic version of the Dirac equation based on $i$-complex geometry. The problem of the missing complex parameters in Quaternionic Quantum Mechanics with $i$-complex geometry is overcome by a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-08-27 Stefano De Leo , Waldyr A. Rodrigues,

Using condition of relativistic invariance, group theory and Clifford algebra the component Lorentz invariance generalized Dirac equation for a particle with arbitrary mass and spin is suggested, where In the case of half-integral spin…

General Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 I. I. Guseinov

The positive mass theorem in general relativity states that in an asymptotically flat spacetime, if the momentum--energy tensor is divergence-free and satisfies a dominant energy condition, then a total momentum--energy four-vector can be…

General Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 Changbiao Wang

The Dirac equation describes the motion of electrons in electromagnetic field, but it considers spin as intrinsic property without any real motion. We postulate spin as the intrinsic feature of vacuum, in which the incident electromagnetic…

General Physics · Physics 2009-05-08 Antal Rockenbauer

The behaviour of the Dirac field in FRW space-time is investigated. The relevant equations are solved to determine the particle and energy distribution. The angular and radial parts are solved in terms of Jacobi polynomials. The time…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-20 P. R. Dhungel , U. Khanal

It is shown that a wave mechanical quantum theory can be derived from relativistic classical electrodynamics, as a feature of the magnetic interaction of Dirac particles modeled as relativistically circulating point charges. The magnetic…

General Physics · Physics 2024-08-16 David C. Lush

A simple translation between a standard representation of $\mathfrak{sl}_2\mathbb{C}$ and the complex-quaternions ($\mathbb{H}\otimes_\mathbb{R}\mathbb{C}$) is established and exploited to construct a novel hyper-complex description of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 James Henry Atwater , David Lambert , Yuri Rostovtsev

The Dirac equation, in the field of a traveling circularly polarized electromagnetic wave and a constant magnetic field, has singular solutions, corresponding the expansion of energy in vicinity of some singular point. These solutions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-15 Boris V. Gisin

The Dirac equation is a cornerstone in the history of physics, merging successfully quantum mechanics with special relativity, providing a natural description of the electron spin and predicting the existence of anti-matter. Furthermore, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-08 R. Gerritsma , G. Kirchmair , F. Zähringer , E. Solano , R. Blatt , C. F. Roos

While he derived the equation for the radiation force, Dirac (1938) mentioned a possibility to use different choices for the 4-momentum of an emitting electron. Particularly, the 4-momentum could be non-colinear to the electron 4-velocity.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Igor V. Sokolov

In a Minkowski spacetime, one may transform the Dirac wave function under the spin group, as one transforms coordinates under the Poincar\'e group. This is not an option in a curved spacetime. Therefore, in the equation proposed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-04-30 Mayeul Arminjon , Frank Reifler

A version of the Dirac equation is derived from first principles using a combination of quaternions and multivariate 4-vectors. The nilpotent form of the operators used allows us to derive explicit expressions for the wavefunctions of free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Rowlands , John P. Cullerne

The Dirac equation is one of the most fundamental equations of modern physics. It is a spinor equation, but some tensor equivalents of the equation were proposed previously. Those equivalents were either nonlinear or involved several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-21 Andrey Akhmeteli

In this paper, we determine the relativistic bound-state solutions for the Dirac oscillator (DO) in the curved spacetime of a cloud of strings in $(3+1)$-dimensions, where such solutions are given by the four-component normalized Dirac…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-13 R. R. S. Oliveira

A relativistic equation is deduced for the bound state of two particles, by assuming a proper boundary condition for the propagation of the negative-energy states. It reduces to the (one-body)Dirac equation in the infinite limit of one of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-06 Hitoshi Ito

A new formulation of quantum mechanics based on differential commutator brackets is developed. We have found a wave equation representing the fermionic particle. In this formalism, the continuity equation mixes the Klein-Gordon and…

General Physics · Physics 2012-03-21 Arbab I. Arbab , Faisal A. Yassein