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The propagation of coherent light in multimode optical fibers results in a speckled output that is both complex and sensitive to environmental effects. These properties can be a powerful tool for sensing, as small perturbations lead to…

Many optical measurement techniques, such as light scattering from wavelength-scale particles or detecting motion from a surface with an optical lever, encode information in a complex radiation pattern. Extracting all available information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Youssef Tawfik , Shan Hao , Thomas P. Purdy

Speckle contrast imaging is an established technique to obtain relative blood maps over wide field of views. Currently, its most accurate implementation relies on the acquisition of raw speckle images at different exposure times but…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-10-01 Marc Chammas , Frédéric Pain

This book chapter describes how spectral correlations in scattered light fields can be utilized for high-precision time-of-flight sensing. The chapter should serve as a gentle introduction and is intended for computational imaging…

Optics · Physics 2022-09-13 Florian Willomitzer

We report optical measurements of the spectral width of open transmission channels in a three-dimensional diffusive medium. The light transmission through a sample is enhanced by efficiently coupling to open transmission channels using…

Optics · Physics 2016-11-09 Jeroen Bosch , Sebastianus A. Goorden , Allard P. Mosk

A new technique based on superposition of two speckle patterns is proposed and demonstrated for controlled modulation of the spatial polarization distribution of the resultant speckle. It is demonstrated both theoretically and…

Optics · Physics 2021-11-15 Abhijit Roy , Rakesh K. Singh , Maruthi M. Brundavanam

The measurement rate of cameras that take spatially multiplexed measurements by using spatial light modulators (SLM) is often limited by the switching speed of the SLMs. This is especially true for single-pixel cameras where the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Jian Wang , Mohit Gupta , Aswin C. Sankaranarayanan

The use of laser guide stars in astronomical adaptive optics results in elongated Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor image patterns. Image correlation techniques can be used to determine local wavefront slope by correlating each sub-aperture…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-05 Alastair Basden

The transverse spatial attributes of an optical beam can be decomposed into the position, momentum and orbital angular momentum observables. The position and momentum of a beam is directly related to the quadrature amplitudes, whilst the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 M. T. L. Hsu , W. P. Bowen , P. K. Lam

Speckle patterns are ubiquitous in optics and have multiple applications for which the control of their spatial correlations is essential. Here, we report on a method to engineer speckle correlations behind a scattering medium through the…

In this paper, we have established the couple system of a spectroscope, CCD and computer and proposed a method of the rapid measurement on spectral characteristics such as central wavelengths, relative intensities, sensitivity lines and the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-12-03 Chol-Sun Kim , Chol-Su Kim , Song-Jin Im

Hyperspectral video (HSV) offers valuable spatial, spectral, and temporal information simultaneously, making it highly suitable for handling challenges such as background clutter and visual similarity in object tracking. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Hanzheng Wang , Wei Li , Xiang-Gen Xia , Qian Du , Jing Tian

Optical stellar interferometers have demonstrated milli-arcsecond resolution with few apertures spaced hundreds of meters apart. To obtain rich direct images, many apertures will be needed, for a better sampling of the incoming wavefront.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-09-17 Arun Surya , Swapan K. Saha , Antoine Labeyrie

We introduce a synthetic aperture imaging framework that takes into consideration directional dependence of the reflectivity that is to be imaged, as well as its frequency dependence. We use an $\ell_1$ minimization approach that is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-01-05 Liliana Borcea , Miguel Moscoso , George Papanicolaou , Chrysoula Tsogka

On-chip spatial and polarization multiplexing have emerged as a powerful strategy to boost the bandwidth of integrated optical transceivers. State-of-the-art multiplexers require accurate control of the relative phase or the spatial…

Paired image-text data with subtle variations in-between (e.g., people holding surfboards vs. people holding shovels) hold the promise of producing Vision-Language Models with proper compositional understanding. Synthesizing such training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Haoxin Li , Boyang Li

Optical phase-space functions describe spatial and angular information simultaneously; examples include light fields in ray optics and Wigner functions in wave optics. Measurement of phase-space enables digital refocusing, aberration…

Optics · Physics 2017-08-02 Hsiou-Yuan Liu , Jingshan Zhong , Laura Waller

Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy has emerged as a powerful technique providing visualization of biological structures at the molecular level in living samples. In this technique, the diffraction limit is broken by selectively…

Light field imaging extends the traditional photography by capturing both spatial and angular distribution of light, which enables new capabilities, including post-capture refocusing, post-capture aperture control, and depth estimation from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-14 M. Shahzeb Khan Gul , Bahadir K. Gunturk

We extend the measurement range of optical correlation-domain reflectometry (OCDR) by modulating the laser output frequency at two frequencies, while preserving spatial resolution. We demonstrate distributed reflectivity sensing with a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-09-06 Mana Sakamoto , Tomoya Miyamae , Kohei Noda , Kentaro Nakamura , Heeyoung Lee , Yosuke Mizuno