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The graphical structure of Probabilistic Graphical Models (PGMs) encodes the conditional independence (CI) relations that hold in the modeled distribution. Graph algorithms, such as d-separation, use this structure to infer additional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Batya Kenig

Gaussian graphical model is a graphical representation of the dependence structure for a Gaussian random vector. It is recognized as a powerful tool in different applied fields such as bioinformatics, error-control codes, speech language,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-01-10 Valery A. Kalyagin , Alexander P. Koldanov , Petr A. Koldanov , Panos M. Pardalos

Gaussian graphical model is one of the powerful tools to analyze conditional independence between two variables for multivariate Gaussian-distributed observations. When the dimension of data is moderate or high, penalized likelihood methods…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-24 Takahiro Onizuka , Shintaro Hashimoto

Graphical models have proven to be powerful tools for representing high-dimensional systems of random variables. One example of such a model is the undirected graph, in which lack of an edge represents conditional independence between two…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-10-11 Dhafer Malouche , Bala Rajaratnam , Benjamin T. Rolfs

Finding the parameters of a latent variable causal model is central to causal inference and causal identification. In this article, we show that existing graphical structures that are used in causal inference are not stable under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-03 Mehrzad Saremi

Coloured graphical models are Gaussian statistical models determined by an undirected coloured graph. These models can be described by linear spaces of symmetric matrices. We outline a relationship between the symmetries of the graph and…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-01-14 Isobel Davies , Orlando Marigliano

Graphs are used in many disciplines to model the relationships that exist between objects in a complex discrete system. Researchers may wish to compare a network of interest to a "typical" graph from a family (or ensemble) of graphs which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Catherine Greenhill

Hidden variable graphical models can sometimes imply constraints on the observable distribution that are more complex than simple conditional independence relations. These observable constraints can falsify assumptions of the model that…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Michael C. Sachs , Erin E. Gabriel , Robin J. Evans , Arvid Sjölander

Significant progress has been made in developing identification and estimation techniques for missing data problems where modeling assumptions can be described via a directed acyclic graph. The validity of results using such techniques rely…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-13 Razieh Nabi , Rohit Bhattacharya

A graph $G$ is said to be determined by its generalized spectrum (DGS for short) if for any graph $H$, $H$ and $G$ are cospectral with cospectral complements implies that $H$ is isomorphic to $G$. It turns out that whether a graph $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-22 Wei Wang

We investigate the relationship between the structure of a discrete graphical model and the support of the inverse of a generalized covariance matrix. We show that for certain graph structures, the support of the inverse covariance matrix…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-07 Po-Ling Loh , Martin J. Wainwright

Perfect adaptation in a dynamical system is the phenomenon that one or more variables have an initial transient response to a persistent change in an external stimulus but revert to their original value as the system converges to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Tineke Blom , Joris M. Mooij

Graph models, like other machine learning models, have implicit and explicit biases built-in, which often impact performance in nontrivial ways. The model's faithfulness is often measured by comparing the newly generated graph against the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Satyaki Sikdar , Daniel Gonzalez Cedre , Trenton W. Ford , Tim Weninger

An independent set $I$ in a graph $G$ is maximal if $I$ is not properly contained in any other independent set of $G$. The study of maximal independent sets (MIS's) in various graphs is well-established, often focusing upon enumeration of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Levi Axelrod , Nathan Bickel , Anastasia Halfpap , Luke Hawranick , Alex Parker , Cole Swain

The dual normal factor graph and the factor graph duality theorem have been considered for discrete graphical models. In this paper, we show an application of the factor graph duality theorem to continuous graphical models. Specifically, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-04 Mehdi Molkaraie

We investigate the asymptotic structure of a random perfect graph $P_n$ sampled uniformly from the perfect graphs on vertex set $\{1,\ldots,n\}$. Our approach is based on the result of Pr\"omel and Steger that almost all perfect graphs are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-07 Colin McDiarmid , Nikola Yolov

Despite major methodological developments, Bayesian inference for Gaussian graphical models remains challenging in high dimension due to the tremendous size of the model space. This article proposes a method to infer the marginal and…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-10 Gwenaël G. R. Leday , Sylvia Richardson

Causal Models are like Dependency Graphs and Belief Nets in that they provide a structure and a set of assumptions from which a joint distribution can, in principle, be computed. Unlike Dependency Graphs, Causal Models are models of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 John F. Lemmer

Graph Generating Dependencies (GGDs) informally express constraints between two (possibly different) graph patterns which enforce relationships on both graph's data (via property value constraints) and its structure (via topological…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Larissa C. Shimomura , Nikolay Yakovets , George Fletcher

Gaussian graphical models are semi-algebraic subsets of the cone of positive definite covariance matrices. They are widely used throughout natural sciences, computational biology and many other fields. Computing the vanishing ideal of the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Pratik Misra , Seth Sullivant