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As the use of online platforms continues to grow across all demographics, users often express a desire to feel represented in the content. To improve representation in search results and recommendations, we introduce end-to-end…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Pedro Silva , Bhawna Juneja , Shloka Desai , Ashudeep Singh , Nadia Fawaz

Creating multiple-choice questions to assess reading comprehension of a given article involves generating question-answer pairs (QAPs) and adequate distractors. We present two methods to tackle the challenge of QAP generations: (1) A…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Cheng Zhang

We propose a generative framework for multi-track music source separation (MSS) that reformulates the task as conditional discrete token generation. Unlike conventional approaches that directly estimate continuous signals in the time or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-20 Pengbo Lyu , Xiangyu Zhao , Chengwei Liu , Haoyin Yan , Xiaotao Liang , Hongyu Wang , Shaofei Xue

Natural language generation (NLG) is a critical component in spoken dialogue system, which can be divided into two phases: (1) sentence planning: deciding the overall sentence structure, (2) surface realization: determining specific word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Shang-Yu Su , Yun-Nung Chen

Many text generation tasks naturally contain two steps: content selection and surface realization. Current neural encoder-decoder models conflate both steps into a black-box architecture. As a result, the content to be described in the text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Xiaoyu Shen , Jun Suzuki , Kentaro Inui , Hui Su , Dietrich Klakow , Satoshi Sekine

When evaluating a learner's knowledge proficiency, the multiple-choice question is an efficient and widely used format in standardized tests. Nevertheless, generating these questions, particularly plausible distractors (incorrect options),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Runfeng Lin , Dacheng Xu , Huijiang Wang , Zebiao Chen , Yating Wang , Shouqiang Liu

The distractor generation task focuses on generating incorrect but plausible options for objective questions such as fill-in-the-blank and multiple-choice questions. This task is widely utilized in educational settings across various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Elaf Alhazmi , Quan Z. Sheng , Wei Emma Zhang , Munazza Zaib , Ahoud Alhazmi

To assess the knowledge proficiency of a learner, multiple choice question is an efficient and widespread form in standard tests. However, the composition of the multiple choice question, especially the construction of distractors is quite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Zhaopeng Qiu , Xian Wu , Wei Fan

We propose an end-to-end, domain-independent neural encoder-aligner-decoder model for selective generation, i.e., the joint task of content selection and surface realization. Our model first encodes a full set of over-determined database…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Hongyuan Mei , Mohit Bansal , Matthew R. Walter

Neural network-based sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models strongly suffer from the low-diversity problem when it comes to open-domain dialogue generation. As bland and generic utterances usually dominate the frequency distribution in our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Hui Su , Xiaoyu Shen , Sanqiang Zhao , Xiao Zhou , Pengwei Hu , Randy Zhong , Cheng Niu , Jie Zhou

We present COD3S, a novel method for generating semantically diverse sentences using neural sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models. Conditioned on an input, seq2seq models typically produce semantically and syntactically homogeneous sets of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Nathaniel Weir , João Sedoc , Benjamin Van Durme

Ambiguous user queries in search engines result in the retrieval of documents that often span multiple topics. One potential solution is for the search engine to generate multiple refined queries, each of which relates to a subset of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Woon Sang Cho , Yizhe Zhang , Sudha Rao , Chris Brockett , Sungjin Lee

We investigate the task of distractor generation for multiple choice reading comprehension questions from examinations. In contrast to all previous works, we do not aim at preparing words or short phrases distractors, instead, we endeavor…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-19 Yifan Gao , Lidong Bing , Piji Li , Irwin King , Michael R. Lyu

Sequential dense retrieval models utilize advanced sequence learning techniques to compute item and user representations, which are then used to rank relevant items for a user through inner product computation between the user and all item…

Sequence to sequence (SEQ2SEQ) models often lack diversity in their generated translations. This can be attributed to the limitation of SEQ2SEQ models in capturing lexical and syntactic variations in a parallel corpus resulting from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Xuanli He , Gholamreza Haffari , Mohammad Norouzi

In this paper, we propose a simple, fast decoding algorithm that fosters diversity in neural generation. The algorithm modifies the standard beam search algorithm by adding an inter-sibling ranking penalty, favoring choosing hypotheses from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-23 Jiwei Li , Will Monroe , Dan Jurafsky

We address the problem of acoustic source separation in a deep learning framework we call "deep clustering." Rather than directly estimating signals or masking functions, we train a deep network to produce spectrogram embeddings that are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-19 John R. Hershey , Zhuo Chen , Jonathan Le Roux , Shinji Watanabe

In the combinatorial recommender systems, multiple items are fed to the user at one time in the result page, where the correlations among the items have impact on the user behavior. In this work, we model the combinatorial recommendation as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Fan Wang , Xiaomin Fang , Lihang Liu , Yaxue Chen , Jiucheng Tao , Zhiming Peng , Cihang Jin , Hao Tian

Separating the individual elements in a musical mixture is an essential process for music analysis and practice. While this is generally addressed using neural networks optimized to mask or transform the time-frequency representation of a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Genís Plaja-Roglans , Yun-Ning Hung , Xavier Serra , Igor Pereira

Neural question generation (NQG) is the task of generating a question from a given passage with deep neural networks. Previous NQG models suffer from a problem that a significant proportion of the generated questions include words in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Yanghoon Kim , Hwanhee Lee , Joongbo Shin , Kyomin Jung