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Single-particle continuum models such as the popular Bistritzer-MacDonald model have become powerful tools for predicting electronic phenomena of incommensurate 2D materials and the development of many-body models aimed to model…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Xue Quan , Alex Watson , Daniel Massatt

The Bistritzer-MacDonald continuum model (BM model) describes the low-energy moir\'e bands for twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) at small twist angles. We derive a generalized continuum model for TBG near any commensurate twist angle, which is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-09-20 Michael G. Scheer , Kaiyuan Gu , Biao Lian

We evaluate the electronic transmission and conductance in bilayer graphene through a finite number of potential barriers. Further, we evaluate the dispersion relation in a bilayer graphene superlattice with a periodic potential applied to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-01-21 M. Barbier , P. Vasilopoulos , F. M. Peeters , J. Milton Pereira

We derive the general continuum model for a bilayer system of staggered-flux square lattices, with arbitrary elastic deformation in each layer. Applying this general continuum model to the case where the two layers are rigidly rotated…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-07-28 Zhu-Xi Luo , Cenke Xu , Chao-Ming Jian

The chiral Hamiltonian for twisted graphene bilayers is written as a $2\times2$ matrix operator by a renormalization of the Hamiltonian that takes into account the particle-hole symmetry. This results in an effective Hamiltonian with an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Gerardo G. Naumis , Leonardo A. Navarro-Labastida , Enrique Aguilar-Méndez , Abdiel Espinosa-Champo

We propose a generalized Peierls substitution method in conjunction with the tight-binding model to explore the magnetic quantization and quantum Hall effect in twisted multilayer graphene under a magnetic field. The Bloch-basis…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Thi-Nga Do , Po-Hsin Shih , Hsin Lin , Danhong Huang , Godfrey Gumbs , Tay-Rong Chang

Motivated by the study of flat bands in models of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), we give abstract conditions which guarantee the existence of a discrete set of parameters for which periodic Hamiltonians exhibit flat bands. As an…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Jeffrey Galkowski , Maciej Zworski

By virtue of being atomically thin, the electronic properties of heterostructures built from two-dimensional materials are strongly influenced by atomic relaxation. The atomic layers behave as flexible membranes rather than rigid crystals.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-01-07 Mohammed M. Al Ezzi , Gayani N. Pallewela , Christophe De Beule , E. J. Mele , Shaffique Adam

We present a linear response calculation for twisted bilayer graphene. The calculation is performed for both the continuum and tight-binding models, with the aim of assessing the validity of the former. All qualitatively important features…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-11-21 T. Stauber , T. Low , G. Gómez-Santos

We present a continuum theory of graphene treating on an equal footing both homogeneous Cauchy-Born (CB) deformation, as well as the microscopic degrees of freedom associated with the two sublattices. While our theory recovers all extant…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-03-13 R. Gupta , F. Rost , M. Fleischmann , S. Sharma , S. Shallcross

The Bistritzer-MacDonald (BM) model, introduced in \cite{Bistritzer2011}, attempts to capture the electronic properties of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), even at incommensurate twist angles, by an effective periodic model over the bilayer…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Alexander B. Watson , Tianyu Kong , Allan H. MacDonald , Mitchell Luskin

We consider graphene bilayer in a constant magnetic field of arbitrary orientation (i.e. tilted with respect to the graphene plane). In the low energy approximation to tight binding model with Peierls substitution, we find the exact…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-08-04 Young-Hwan Hyun , Yoonbai Kim , Corneliu Sochichiu , Min-Young Choi

Continuum modeling of a free-standing graphene monolayer, viewed as a two dimensional 2-lattice, requires specifications of the components of the shift vector that act as an auxiliary variable. The field equations are then the equations…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-01-31 D. Sfyris , G. I. Sfyris , C. Galiotis

We deduce a non-linear continuum model of graphene for the case of finite out-of-plane displacements and small in-plane deformations. On assuming that the lattice interactions are governed by the Brenner's REBO potential of 2nd generation…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-03-01 Cesare Davini , Antonino Favata , Roberto Paroni

We show that, by going beyond the low-energy approximation for which the dispersion relations of graphene are linear, the corresponding emergent field theory is a specific generalization a Dirac field theory. The generalized Dirac…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-04 Alfredo Iorio , Pablo Pais

The bending of bilayer plates is a mechanism which allows for large deformations via small externally induced lattice mismatches of the underlying materials. Its mathematical modeling, discussed herein, consists of a nonlinear fourth order…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-10-09 Söeren Bartels , Andrea Bonito , Ricardo H. Nochetto

In this work we show that the simple Hamiltonians used in Quantum Graphity models are highly degenerate, having multiple ground states that are not lattices. In order to assess the distance of the resulting graphs from a lattice graph, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-08-20 Yoav Spector , Moshe Schwartz

Twisted bilayer graphene has recently attracted a lot of attention for its rich electronic properties and tunability. Here we show that for very small twist angles, $\alpha \ll 1^\circ$, the application of a perpendicular electric field is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-10-04 A. Ramires , J. L. Lado

We develop a continuum dislocation description of twist and stretch moire superlattices in 2D material bilayers. The continuum formulation is based on the topological constraints introduced by the periodic dislocation network associated…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-11-18 Emil Annevelink , Harley Johnson , Elif Ertekin

Although the strongly interacting flat bands in twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) have been approached using the minimal Bistritzer-MacDonald (BM) Hamiltonian, there is mounting evidence that strain and lattice relaxation are essential in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-26 Jonah Herzog-Arbeitman , Jiabin Yu , Dumitru Călugăru , Haoyu Hu , Nicolas Regnault , Oskar Vafek , Jian Kang , B. Andrei Bernevig