Related papers: A Note on the Probability of Rectangles for Correl…

Given two discrete random variables $X$ and $Y,$ with probability distributions ${\bf p}=(p_1, \ldots , p_n)$ and ${\bf q}=(q_1, \ldots , q_m)$, respectively, denote by ${\cal C}({\bf p}, {\bf q})$ the set of all couplings of ${\bf p}$ and…

Let $X=(x_{ij})\in\mathbb{R}^{N\times n}$ be a rectangular random matrix with i.i.d. entries (we assume $N/n\to\mathbf{a}>1$), and denote by $\sigma_{min}(X)$ its smallest singular value. When entries have mean zero and unit second moment,…

Let $O(2n+\ell)$ be the group of orthogonal matrices of size $\left(2n+\ell\right)\times \left(2n+\ell\right)$ equipped with the probability distribution given by normalized Haar measure. We study the probability \begin{equation*}…

In the late eighties John Kingman studied the problem of maxima of a quadratic form, with independent, uniformly distributed, coefficients, on a simplex of growing dimension $n$. In particular, he proved that the largest support size…

We consider the hypothesis testing problem of deciding whether an observed high-dimensional vector has independent normal components or, alternatively, if it has a small subset of correlated components. The correlated components may have a…

We want to find the convex combination $S$ of iid Bernoulli random variables that maximizes $\textbf{P}(S\geq t)$ for a given threshold~$t$. Cs\'oka conjectured that such an $S$ is an average if $t\geq p$, where $p$ is the success…

Let $\mathcal R$ be a $\Sigma^1_1$ binary relation and call a set $\mathcal R$-discrete iff no two distinct of its elements are $\mathcal R$-related. We show that in the extension of $\mathbf{L}$ by iterated Sacks forcing, there is a…

Let $B(n,p)$ denote a binomial random variable with parameters $n$ and $p$. Vas\v{e}k Chv\'{a}tal conjectured that for any fixed $n\geq 2$, as $m$ ranges over $\{0,\ldots,n\}$, the probability $q_m:=P(B(n,m/n)\leq m)$ is the smallest when…

We study almost sure separating and interpolating properties of random sequences in the polydisc and the unit ball. In the unit ball, we obtain the 0-1 Komolgorov law for a sequence to be interpolating almost surely for all the…

We study the entanglement properties of random pure stabilizer states in spin-1/2 particles. For two contiguous groups of spins of arbitrary size we obtain a compact and exact expression for the probability distribution for the entanglement…

A family X of sets is said to be intersecting if any two members of X have non-empty intersection. It is a well-known and simple fact that an intersecting family of subsets of [n]={1,2,...,n} can contain at most 2^(n-1) sets. Katona, Katona…

The Brownian separable permutons are a one-parameter family -- indexed by $p\in(0,1)$ -- of universal limits of random constrained permutations. We show that for each $p\in (0,1)$, there are explicit constants $1/2 < \alpha_*(p) \leq…

The cardinal invariants $ \mathfrak h, \mathfrak b, \mathfrak s$ of $\mathcal P (\omega)$ are known to satisfy that $\omega_1 \leq \mathfrak h \leq\min\{\mathfrak b, \mathfrak s\}$. We prove that all inequalities can be strict. We also…

The trade-offs between error probabilities in quantum hypothesis testing are by now well-understood in the centralized setting, but much less is known for distributed settings. Here, we study a distributed binary hypothesis testing problem…

Consider the problem of drawing random variates $(X_1,\ldots,X_n)$ from a distribution where the marginal of each $X_i$ is specified, as well as the correlation between every pair $X_i$ and $X_j$. For given marginals, the…

In a vintage paper concerning Parsimonious games, a subset of constant sum homogeneous weighted majority games, Isbell introduced a twin relationship based on transposition properties of the incidence matrices upon minimal winning…

Let $\eta_i, i=1,..., n$ be iid Bernoulli random variables. Given a multiset $\bv$ of $n$ numbers $v_1, ..., v_n$, the \emph{concentration probability} $\P_1(\bv)$ of $\bv$ is defined as $\P_1(\bv) := \sup_{x} \P(v_1 \eta_1+ ... v_n…

We address the problem of bounding below the probability of error under maximum likelihood decoding of a binary code with a known distance distribution used on a binary symmetric channel. An improved upper bound is given for the maximum…

Consider critical Bernoulli percolation on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ for $d$ large; let $y_0, \dots, y_{k-1}$ be $k$ distinct points in $\mathbb{R}^d$. We prove that the probability that $\{\lfloor n y_i\rfloor\}_{i=0}^{k-1}$ all lie in the same open…

We study the problem of maximizing the probability that (i) an electric component or financial institution $X$ does not default before another component or institution $Y$ and (ii) that $X$ and $Y$ default jointly within the class of all…