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Chemical disequilibrium has recently become a relevant topic in the study of the atmospheres of of transiting extrasolar planets, brown dwarfs, and directly imaged exoplanets. We present a new way of assessing whether or not a Jovian-like…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Michael R Line , Yuk Yung

Atmospheric retrievals of exoplanet transmission spectra allow constraints on the composition and structure of the day-night terminator region. Such retrievals in the past have typically assumed one-dimensional temperature structures which…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-24 Matthew C. Nixon , Nikku Madhusudhan

The composition of a planet's atmosphere is determined by its formation, evolution, and present-day insolation. A planet's spectrum therefore may hold clues on its origins. We present a "chain" of models, linking the formation of a planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-23 Christoph Mordasini , Roy van Boekel , Paul Mollière , Thomas Henning , Björn Benneke

Exoplanets on eccentric orbits experience an incident stellar flux that can be markedly larger at periastron versus apoastron. This variation in instellation can lead to dramatic changes in atmospheric structure in regions of the atmosphere…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-14 L. C. Mayorga , Tyler D. Robinson , Mark S. Marley , E. M. May , Kevin B. Stevenson

I investigate an analytical model of galaxy clusters based on the assumption that the intracluster medium plasma is polytropic and is in hydrostatic equilibrium. The Einasto profile is adopted as a model for the spatial-density distribution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-31 Mohammad S. Mirakhor

The heliosphere is formed due to interaction between the solar wind (SW) and local interstellar medium (LISM). The shape and position of the heliospheric boundary, the heliopause, in space depend on the parameters of interacting plasma…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-16 N. V. Pogorelov , J. Heerikhuisen , V. Roytershteyn , L. F. Burlaga , D. A. Gurnett , W. S. Kurth

JWST has opened a new era in the study of rocky exoplanets, enabling direct characterization of their surfaces with mid-infrared spectroscopy. Different types of rock have distinct spectral features that are diagnostic of the chemical…

We present high resolution transmission spectra of giant planet atmospheres from a coupled 3-D atmospheric dynamics and transmission spectrum model that includes Doppler shifts which arise from winds and planetary motion. We model jovian…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Eliza M. -R. Kempton , Rosalba Perna , Kevin Heng

WD-1856b+534b (WD-1856b) is to date the only detected cold Jupiter outside of our Solar System. This cold Jupiter can provide useful information about the cold giants in our Solar System. Recent JWST observations have targeted WD-1856b,…

Jupiter's moon Io hosts a dynamic atmosphere that is continually stripped off and replenished through frost sublimation and volcanic outgassing. We observed an emission band at 1.707 $\mu$m thought to be produced by hot SO molecules…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-13 Katherine de Kleer , Imke de Pater , Máté Ádámkovics

Spectroscopic phase curves of hot Jupiters measure their emission spectra at multiple orbital phases, thus enabling detailed characterisation of their atmospheres. Precise constraints on the atmospheric composition of these exoplanets offer…

Little is known about the interaction between atmospheres and crusts of exoplanets so far, but future space missions and ground-based instruments are expected to detect molecular features in the spectra of hot rocky exoplanets. We aim to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Oliver Herbort , Peter Woitke , Christiane Helling , Aubrey Zerkle

This is the second paper in a series where we build a self-consistent model to simulate the mass-loss process of a close-orbit magnetized giant exoplanet, so-called hot Jupiter (HJ). In this paper we generalize the hydrodynamic (HD) model…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-15 M. L. Khodachenko , I. F. Shaikhislamov , H. Lammer , P. A. Prokopov

We present a pioneering model of the interaction between the solar wind and the surrounding interstellar medium that includes the possibility of different pressures in directions parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field. The outer…

The atmospheres of hot rocky exoplanets are among the first primary targets of the JWST. Interpreting their atmospheric spectra requires understanding the link between silicate lava compositions and overlying atmospheres. We investigate the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-27 Christiaan P. A. van Buchem , Rojita Buddhacharya , Mantas Zilinskas , Sebastian Zieba , Yamila Miguel , Wim van Westrenen

Context. We carry out a detailed 2D study of the ionised gas in the local universe galaxy UGC9837. In nearby galaxies, like the galaxy in question here, the spatial distribution of the physical properties can be studied in detail, providing…

We report a survey of molecular emission from cometary volatiles using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) toward interstellar object 3I/ATLAS carried out on UT 2025 December 22 and 23 at a heliocentric distance ($r_H$) of $2.37-2.41$ au.…

JWST has shown a large diversity in warm Jupiter spectra, despite only small variations in the planetary parameters. However, the main driver of this diversity remains unclear. We aim to identify the mechanisms responsible for the spectral…

With over 1800 planets discovered outside of the Solar System in the past two decades, the field of exoplanetology has broadened our perspective on planetary systems. Research priorities are now moving from planet detection to planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-07 Julien de Wit

We investigate the feasibility of detecting water molecules (H2O) and water ions (H20+) from the Europa plumes from a flyby mission. A Monte Carlo particle tracing method is used to simulate the trajectories of neutral particles under the…