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In this review we discuss intriguing properties of apparently classical optical fields, that go beyond purely classical context and allow us to speak about quantum characteristics of such fields and about their applications in quantum…
Non-classical correlations denote the ways in which quantum systems can be correlated beyond what is possible in classical physics. They include but are not limited to entanglement: non-entangled states can also exhibit forms of…
Quantum descriptions of polarization show the rich degrees of freedom underlying classical light. While changes in polarization of light are well-described classically, a full quantum description of polarimetry, which characterizes…
Finite resolution quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements allow a determination of light field properties while preserving some of the original quantum coherence of the input state. It is thus possible to measure correlations between the…
Understanding quantum phenomena which go beyond classical concepts is a focus of modern quantum physics. Here, we show how the theory of nonnegative polynomials emerging around Hilbert's 17th problem, can be used to optimally exploit data…
Quantum optics is a field of research based on the quantum theory of light. Here, we show that the classical theory of light can be equally effective in explaining a cornerstone of quantum optics: the quantization of the free radiation…
Non-classical correlations in quantum optics as resources for quantum computation are important in the quest for highly-specialized quantum devices. The standard way to investigate such effects relies on either the characterization of the…
Polarization of light is one of the fundamental concepts in optics. There are many ways to measure and characterise this feature of light but at the fundamental level it is quantum mechanics that imposes ultimate limits to such…
In this article we propose a solution to the measurement problem in quantum mechanics. We point out that the measurement problem can be traced to an a priori notion of classicality in the formulation of quantum mechanics. If this notion of…
Localized radiation sources are analyzed with respect to the relation of nonclassicality and quantum entanglement of the emitted light. The source field parts of the radiation emitted in different directions are closely related to each…
We analyze interrelation of quantum and classical entanglement. The latter notion is widely used in classical optic simulation of some quantum-like features of light. We criticize the common interpretation that "quantum nonlocality" is the…
It is currently believed that light quantum or the quantization of light energy is beyond classical physics and the picture of wave-particle duality, which was criticized by Einstein but attracted a number of experimental researches, is…
Distinguishing quantum states that admit a classical counterpart from those that exhibit nonclassicality has long been a central issue in quantum optics. Finding an implementable criterion certifying optical nonclassicality (i.e, the…
Practically applicable criteria for the nonclassicality of quantum states are formulated in terms of different types of moments. For this purpose the moments of the creation and annihilation operators, of two quadratures, and of a…
This paper explores as didactically as possible the fundamental principles of both classical and quantum metrology, focusing on the Cram\'er-Rao Bound and how it defines the maximum precision in parameter estimation, taking into account…
Using the path-integral formalism, we show that photons possess a nontrivial quantum metric in momentum space. We derive the semiclassical action and equations of motion by taking into account the quantum metric. In media with a spatially…
The Heisenberg limit is acknowledged as the ultimate precision limit in quantum metrology, traditionally implying that root mean square errors of parameter estimation decrease linearly with the time T of evolution and the number N of…
To quantify single mode nonclassicality, we start from an operational approach. A positive semi-definite observable is introduced to describe a measurement setup. The quantification is based on the negativity of the normally ordered version…
In quantum optics, measurement statistics -- for example, photocounting statistics -- are considered nonclassical if they cannot be reproduced with statistical mixtures of classical radiation fields. We have formulated a necessary and…
The fast and accessible verification of nonclassical resources is an indispensable step towards a broad utilization of continuous-variable quantum technologies. Here, we use machine learning methods for the identification of nonclassicality…