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To recognize and mitigate the harms of generative AI systems, it is crucial to consider whether and how different societal groups are represented by these systems. A critical gap emerges when naively measuring or improving who is…
It is widely held that a substantial genetic component underlies Bipolar Disorder (BD) and other neuropsychiatric disease traits. Recent efforts have been aimed at understanding the genetic basis of disease susceptibility, with genome-wide…
Large case/control Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) often include groups of related individuals with known relationships. When testing for associations at a given locus, current methods incorporate only the familial relationships…
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of genetic variants associated with human traits or diseases in the past decade. Nevertheless, much of the heritability of many traits is still unaccounted for. Commonly used…
Phylogenetic comparative methods explore the relationships between quantitative traits adjusting for shared evolutionary history. This adjustment often occurs through a Brownian diffusion process along the branches of the phylogeny that…
Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) face unique challenges in the era of big genomics data, particularly when dealing with ultra-high-dimensional datasets where the number of genetic features significantly exceeds the available samples.…
In the search for genetic factors that are associated with complex heritable human traits, considerable attention is now being focused on rare variants that individually have small effects. In response, numerous recent papers have proposed…
Over the last fifty years, geneticists have made great strides in understanding how our species' evolutionary history gave rise to current patterns of human genetic diversity classically summarized by Lewontin in his 1972 paper, 'The…
With the recent advent of high-throughput genotyping techniques, genetic data for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become increasingly available, which entails the development of efficient and effective statistical approaches.…
Molecular phenotypes are important links between genomic information and organismic functions, fitness, and evolution. Complex phenotypes, which are also called quantitative traits, often depend on multiple genomic loci. Their evolution…
We show how field- and information theory can be used to quantify the relationship between genotype and phenotype in cases where phenotype is a continuous variable. Given a sample population of phenotype measurements, from various known…
Genome-wide Association Studies (GWASs) for complex diseases often collect data on multiple correlated endo-phenotypes. Multivariate analysis of these correlated phenotypes can improve the power to detect genetic variants. Multivariate…
The reconstruction of a central tendency `species tree' from a large number of conflicting gene trees is a central problem in systematic biology. Moreover, it becomes particularly problematic when taxon coverage is patchy, so that not all…
Divergent word usages reflect differences among people. In this paper, we present a novel angle for studying word usage divergence -- word interpretations. We propose an approach that quantifies semantic differences in interpretations among…
Quantitative genetic studies that model complex, multivariate phenotypes are important for both evolutionary prediction and artificial selection. For example, changes in gene expression can provide insight into developmental and…
To learn about the past from a sample of genomic sequences, one needs to understand how evolutionary processes shape genetic diversity. Most population genetic inference is based on frameworks assuming adaptive evolution is rare. But if…
Human biases are ubiquitous but not uniform: disparities exist across linguistic, cultural, and societal borders. As large amounts of recent literature suggest, language models (LMs) trained on human data can reflect and often amplify the…
This paper investigates the problem of adjusting for spatial effects in genomic prediction. Despite being seldomly considered in genomic prediction, spatial effects often affect phenotypic measurements of plants. We consider a Gaussian…
The past decade has seen a rapid growth in omics technologies. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered susceptibility variants for a variety of complex traits. However, the functional significance of most discovered variants…
Species tree estimation is a complex problem, due to the fact that different parts of the genome can have different evolutionary histories than the genome itself. One of the causes for this discord is incomplete lineage sorting (also called…