Related papers: Proofs by example
Cut-elimination theorems constitute one of the most important classes of theorems of proof theory. Since Gentzen's proof of the cut-elimination theorem for the system $\mathbf{LK}$, several other proofs have been proposed. Even though the…
Planarity Testing is the problem of determining whether a given graph is planar while planar embedding is the corresponding construction problem. The bounded space complexity of these problems has been determined to be exactly Logspace by…
A logic is presented for reasoning on iterated sequences of formulae over some given base language. The considered sequences, or "schemata", are defined inductively, on some algebraic structure (for instance the natural numbers, the lists,…
We present a comprehensive programme analysing the decomposition of proof systems for non-classical logics into proof systems for other logics, especially classical logic, using an algebra of constraints. That is, one recovers a proof…
We introduce and initiate the study of new parameters associated with any norm and any log-concave measure on $\mathbb R^n$, which provide sharp distributional inequalities. In the Gaussian context this investigation sheds light to the…
We reduce the principal problem of Additive Number Theory of whether an infinite sequence of integers constitutes a finite basis for the integers to a Diophantine problem involving the difference set of the sequence, by proving a formula…
Generalised quantifiers, which include Henkin's branching quantifiers, have been introduced by Mostowski and Lindstr\"om and developed as a substantial topic application of logic, especially model theory, to linguistics with work by…
In recent years, empirical Bayesian (EB) inference has become an attractive approach for estimation in parametric models arising in a variety of real-life problems, especially in complex and high-dimensional scientific applications.…
This paper revisits the foundations of mathematical proof through the lens of Aristotle's threefold conception of truth: sensory evidence, axiomatic definition, and syllogistic deduction. I argue that modern mathematics has too often…
We study asymptotics of integrals of certain rational functions that depend on parameters in a field $K$ of characteristic zero. We use formal power series to represent the integral and prove certain identities about its coefficients…
Given a $n$-dimensional Lie algebra $g$ over a field $k \supset \mathbb Q$, together with its vector space basis $X^0_1,..., X^0_n$, we give a formula, depending only on the structure constants, representing the infinitesimal generators,…
Standard statistical theory has arguably proved to be unsuitable as a basis for constructing a satisfactory completely general framework for performing statistical inference. For example, frequentist theory has never come close to providing…
Several examples of generalized number systems are constructed to compare various conditions occurring in the literature for the prime number theorem in the context of Beurling generalized primes.
Taylor's theorem (and its variants) is widely used in several areas of mathematical analysis, including numerical analysis, functional analysis, and partial differential equations. This article explains how Taylor's theorem in its most…
This article describes a formal strategy of geometric complexity theory (GCT) to resolve the {\em self referential paradox} in the $P$ vs. $NP$ and related problems. The strategy, called the {\em flip}, is to go for {\em explicit proofs} of…
Church's simple type theory is often deemed too simple for elaborate mathematical constructions. In particular, doubts were raised whether schemes could be formalized in this setting and a challenge was issued. Schemes are sophisticated…
We revisit rescaling methods for nonlinear elliptic and parabolic problems and show that, by suitable modifications, they may be used for nonlinearities that are not scale invariant even asymptotically and whose behavior can be quite far…
The main result is a wall crossing formula for central projections defined on submanifolds of a real projective space. Our formula gives the jump of the degree of such a projection when the center of the projection varies. The fact that the…
We present new families of goodness-of-fit tests of uniformity on a full-dimensional set $W\subset\R^d$ based on statistics related to edge lengths of random geometric graphs. Asymptotic normality of these statistics is proven under the…
We introduce estimation and test procedures through divergence optimization for discrete or continuous parametric models. This approach is based on a new dual representation for divergences. We treat point estimation and tests for simple…