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Recent years have witnessed the rapid advance in neural machine translation (NMT), the core of which lies in the encoder-decoder architecture. Inspired by the recent progress of large-scale pre-trained language models on machine translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Shuo Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Zhixing Tan , Wenxuan Wang , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

We present a survey on multilingual neural machine translation (MNMT), which has gained a lot of traction in the recent years. MNMT has been useful in improving translation quality as a result of translation knowledge transfer (transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Raj Dabre , Chenhui Chu , Anoop Kunchukuttan

Unsupervised neural machine translation (UNMT) that relies solely on massive monolingual corpora has achieved remarkable results in several translation tasks. However, in real-world scenarios, massive monolingual corpora do not exist for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Haipeng Sun , Rui Wang , Kehai Chen , Masao Utiyama , Eiichiro Sumita , Tiejun Zhao

Multimodal machine translation is an attractive application of neural machine translation (NMT). It helps computers to deeply understand visual objects and their relations with natural languages. However, multimodal NMT systems suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Tosho Hirasawa , Hayahide Yamagishi , Yukio Matsumura , Mamoru Komachi

Building conversational speech recognition systems for new languages is constrained by the availability of utterances that capture user-device interactions. Data collection is both expensive and limited by the speed of manual transcription.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Surabhi Punjabi , Harish Arsikere , Sri Garimella

While neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved state-of-the-art translation performance, it is unable to capture the alignment between the input and output during the translation process. The lack of alignment in NMT models leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Jiacheng Zhang , Huanbo Luan , Maosong Sun , FeiFei Zhai , Jingfang Xu , Yang Liu

In a spoken dialogue system, an NLU model is preceded by a speech recognition system that can deteriorate the performance of natural language understanding. This paper proposes a method for investigating the impact of speech recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Marek Kubis , Paweł Skórzewski , Marcin Sowański , Tomasz Ziętkiewicz

The overreliance on large parallel corpora significantly limits the applicability of machine translation systems to the majority of language pairs. Back-translation has been dominantly used in previous approaches for unsupervised neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Jiawei Wu , Xin Wang , William Yang Wang

Pronouns are a long-standing challenge in machine translation. We present a study of the performance of a range of rule-based, statistical and neural MT systems on pronoun translation based on an extensive manual evaluation using the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Christian Hardmeier , Liane Guillou

Explainable AI methods facilitate the understanding of model behaviour, yet, small, imperceptible perturbations to inputs can vastly distort explanations. As these explanations are typically evaluated holistically, before model deployment,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Sara Vera Marjanović , Isabelle Augenstein , Christina Lioma

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in decision-making contexts, but when they present answers without signaling low confidence, users may unknowingly act on erroneous outputs. Prior work shows that LLMs maintain internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Mark Steyvers , Catarina Belem , Padhraic Smyth

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has shown drastic improvement in its quality when translating clean input, such as text from the news domain. However, existing studies suggest that NMT still struggles with certain kinds of input with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Ryo Fujii , Masato Mita , Kaori Abe , Kazuaki Hanawa , Makoto Morishita , Jun Suzuki , Kentaro Inui

An effective method to generate a large number of parallel sentences for training improved neural machine translation (NMT) systems is the use of the back-translations of the target-side monolingual data. The standard back-translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Idris Abdulmumin , Bashir Shehu Galadanci , Aliyu Garba

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems amplify lexical biases present in their training data, leading to artificially impoverished language in output translations. These language-level characteristics render automatic translations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Huiyuan Lai , Esther Ploeger , Rik van Noord , Antonio Toral

Noisy training data can significantly degrade the performance of language-model-based classifiers, particularly in non-topical classification tasks. In this study we designed a methodological framework to assess the impact of denoising.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Nouran Khallaf , Serge Sharoff

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has reached a level of maturity to be recognized as the premier method for the translation between different languages and aroused interest in different research areas, including software engineering. A key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Pietro Liguori , Cristina Improta , Simona De Vivo , Roberto Natella , Bojan Cukic , Domenico Cotroneo

Code-switching is a common phenomenon among multilingual speakers, where alternation between two or more languages occurs within the context of a single conversation. While multilingual humans can seamlessly switch back and forth between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Thamme Gowda , Mozhdeh Gheini , Jonathan May

While neural machine translation (NMT) is making good progress in the past two years, tens of millions of bilingual sentence pairs are needed for its training. However, human labeling is very costly. To tackle this training data bottleneck,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-02 Yingce Xia , Di He , Tao Qin , Liwei Wang , Nenghai Yu , Tie-Yan Liu , Wei-Ying Ma

We present a survey on multilingual neural machine translation (MNMT), which has gained a lot of traction in the recent years. MNMT has been useful in improving translation quality as a result of knowledge transfer. MNMT is more promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Raj Dabre , Chenhui Chu , Anoop Kunchukuttan

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has made remarkable progress using large-scale textual data, but the potential of incorporating multimodal inputs, especially visual information, remains underexplored in high-resource settings. While prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Baban Gain , Dibyanayan Bandyopadhyay , Samrat Mukherjee , Chandranath Adak , Asif Ekbal
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