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Recently proposed BERT-based evaluation metrics for text generation perform well on standard benchmarks but are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, e.g., relating to information correctness. We argue that this stems (in part) from the fact…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Yanran Chen , Steffen Eger

The fine-tuning of pre-trained language models has a great success in many NLP fields. Yet, it is strikingly vulnerable to adversarial examples, e.g., word substitution attacks using only synonyms can easily fool a BERT-based sentiment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Xinhsuai Dong , Luu Anh Tuan , Min Lin , Shuicheng Yan , Hanwang Zhang

Transformer is a ubiquitous model for natural language processing and has attracted wide attentions in computer vision. The attention maps are indispensable for a transformer model to encode the dependencies among input tokens. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yujing Wang , Yaming Yang , Jiangang Bai , Mingliang Zhang , Jing Bai , Jing Yu , Ce Zhang , Gao Huang , Yunhai Tong

Training reinforcement learning (RL) agents often requires significant computational resources and prolonged training durations. To address this challenge, we build upon prior work that introduced a neural architecture with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Junaid Muzaffar , Khubaib Ahmed , Ingo Frommholz , Zeeshan Pervez , Ahsan ul Haq

Natural Language Inference (NLI) has been an important task for evaluating language models for Natural Language Understanding, but the logical properties of the task are poorly understood and often mischaracterized. Understanding the notion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Rasmus Blanck , Bill Noble , Stergios Chatzikyriakidis

Interpretability techniques in NLP have mainly focused on understanding individual predictions using attention visualization or gradient-based saliency maps over tokens. We propose using k nearest neighbor (kNN) representations to identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Nazneen Fatema Rajani , Ben Krause , Wengpeng Yin , Tong Niu , Richard Socher , Caiming Xiong

Natural language understanding (NLU) models often suffer from unintended dataset biases. Among bias mitigation methods, ensemble-based debiasing methods, especially product-of-experts (PoE), have stood out for their impressive empirical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Fei Wang , James Y. Huang , Tianyi Yan , Wenxuan Zhou , Muhao Chen

Current Natural Language Inference (NLI) models achieve impressive results, sometimes outperforming humans when evaluating on in-distribution test sets. However, as these models are known to learn from annotation artefacts and dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Joe Stacey , Pasquale Minervini , Haim Dubossarsky , Marek Rei

Several recent studies have shown that strong natural language understanding (NLU) models are prone to relying on unwanted dataset biases without learning the underlying task, resulting in models that fail to generalize to out-of-domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Rabeeh Karimi Mahabadi , Yonatan Belinkov , James Henderson

Transformer-based pretrained models like BERT, GPT-2 and T5 have been finetuned for a large number of natural language processing (NLP) tasks, and have been shown to be very effective. However, while finetuning, what changes across layers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Pavan Kalyan Reddy Neerudu , Subba Reddy Oota , Mounika Marreddy , Venkateswara Rao Kagita , Manish Gupta

Attention-based models have shown significant improvement over traditional algorithms in several NLP tasks. The Transformer, for instance, is an illustrative example that generates abstract representations of tokens inputted to an encoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Vivek Subramanian , Guoyin Wang , Shijing Si , Dinghan Shen , Dong Wang , Lawrence Carin

Attention-based Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models suffer from attention deficiency issues as has been observed in recent research. We propose a novel mechanism to address some of these limitations and improve the NMT attention.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-10 Baskaran Sankaran , Haitao Mi , Yaser Al-Onaizan , Abe Ittycheriah

Deep neural models (e.g. Transformer) naturally learn spurious features, which create a ``shortcut'' between the labels and inputs, thus impairing the generalization and robustness. This paper advances the self-attention mechanism to its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Hongqiu Wu , Ruixue Ding , Hai Zhao , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Min Zhang

We present two new datasets and a novel attention mechanism for Natural Language Inference (NLI). Existing neural NLI models, even though when trained on existing large datasets, do not capture the notion of entity and role well and often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Arindam Mitra , Ishan Shrivastava , Chitta Baral

While current state-of-the-art NMT models, such as RNN seq2seq and Transformers, possess a large number of parameters, they are still shallow in comparison to convolutional models used for both text and vision applications. In this work we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Ankur Bapna , Mia Xu Chen , Orhan Firat , Yuan Cao , Yonghui Wu

Neural attention has become central to many state-of-the-art models in natural language processing and related domains. Attention networks are an easy-to-train and effective method for softly simulating alignment; however, the approach does…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-09 Yuntian Deng , Yoon Kim , Justin Chiu , Demi Guo , Alexander M. Rush

We introduce a new large-scale NLI benchmark dataset, collected via an iterative, adversarial human-and-model-in-the-loop procedure. We show that training models on this new dataset leads to state-of-the-art performance on a variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Yixin Nie , Adina Williams , Emily Dinan , Mohit Bansal , Jason Weston , Douwe Kiela

In this paper we propose to augment a modern neural-network architecture with an attention model inspired by human perception. Specifically, we adversarially train and analyze a neural model incorporating a human inspired, visual attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Daniel Zoran , Mike Chrzanowski , Po-Sen Huang , Sven Gowal , Alex Mott , Pushmeet Kohl

Recently, the Transformer model that is based solely on attention mechanisms, has advanced the state-of-the-art on various machine translation tasks. However, recent studies reveal that the lack of recurrence hinders its further improvement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Jie Hao , Xing Wang , Baosong Yang , Longyue Wang , Jinfeng Zhang , Zhaopeng Tu

Recently, the development of pre-trained language models has brought natural language processing (NLP) tasks to the new state-of-the-art. In this paper we explore the efficiency of various pre-trained language models. We pre-train a list of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Tong Guo