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We experimentally investigate the statistical properties of a classical analog of quantum entanglement considering two Brownian particles connected by an elastic force and maintained at different temperatures through separate heat…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-05 Lakshmanan Theerthagiri , Sergio Ciliberto

Information that is stored in quantum-mechanical systems can be easily lost because of the interaction with the environment in a process known as decoherence. Possible physical implementations of many processes in quantum information theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 A. Valdés-Hernández , A. P. Majtey , A. R. Plastino

We present a theoretical study of entanglement in ensembles consisting of an arbitrary number of particles. Multipartite entanglement criteria in terms of observables are formulated for a fixed number of particles as well as for systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-22 J. Sperling , I. A. Walmsley

It is shown that quantum systems of identical particles can be treated as if they were different when they are in well differentiated states. This simplifying assumption allows the consideration of quantum systems isolated from the rest of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-12 Alberto C. de la Torre , Hector O. Martin

Many-particle entanglement is a fundamental concept of quantum physics that still presents conceptual challenges. While spin-squeezed and other nonclassical states of atomic ensembles were used to enhance measurement precision in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-09 Matteo Fadel , Tilman Zibold , Boris Décamps , Philipp Treutlein

For systems of identical Bosons, it is necessary to reformulate the notions of separability and entanglement in algebraic terms shifting the emphasis from the particle aspect of first quantization to the mode description typical of second…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-30 Giuseppe Argentieri , Fabio Benatti , Roberto Floreanini , Ugo Marzolino

Quantum entanglement among multiple spatially separated particles is of fundamental interest, and can serve as central resources for studies in quantum nonlocality, quantum-to-classical transition, quantum error correction, and quantum…

Using an operational definition we quantify the entanglement, $E_P$, between two parties who share an arbitrary pure state of $N$ indistinguishable particles. We show that $E_P \leq E_M$, where $E_M$ is the bipartite entanglement calculated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 H. M. Wiseman , John A. Vaccaro

Although the foundations of quantum and classical physics are much different, it is often difficult to pinpoint which features of a particular system are intrinsically "quantum". Perhapse, the most clear-cut distinction between "classical"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-05 Piotr Szańkowski

Ever since the appearance of the seminal work of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (The EPR-paradox), the phenomenon of entanglement, which features the essential difference between classical and quantum physics, has received wide theoretical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-30 Junxu Li , Sabre Kais

The concept of entangled quantum states is considered in the context of systems of identical particles, based on the requirement that in order to represent physical states both for the overall system and the sub-systems which may be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-03 Bryan Dalton , Libby Heaney , John Goold , Thomas Busch , Barry Garraway

Entanglement, a defining property of quantum mechanics in which two physical subsystems cannot be seen as independent entities, challenges our everyday experience and classical intuition. However, only such strong quantum correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Enno Giese

Theoretical considerations of Bell-inequality experiments usually assume identically prepared and independent pairs of particles. Here we consider pairs that exhibit both intra- and inter-pair entanglement. The pairs are taken from a large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-17 S. Ashhab , Koji Maruyama , Caslav Brukner , Franco Nori

Entanglement is one of the strongest quantum correlation, and is a key ingredient in fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics and a resource for quantum technologies. While entanglement theory is well settled for distinguishable particles,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-27 Till Jonas Frederick Johann , Ugo Marzolino

Quantum entanglement is known as a unique quantum feature that cannot be obtained by classical physics. Over the last several decades, however, such an understanding on quantum entanglement might have confined us in a limited world of weird…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 B. S. Ham

Using a single spin-1 object as an example, we discuss a recent approach to quantum entanglement. The key idea of the approach consists in presetting of basic observables in the very definition of quantum system. Specification of basic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sinem Binicioglu , M. Ali Can , Alexander A. Klyachko , Alexander S. Shumovsky

Entanglement is one of the most fascinating properties of quantum mechanical systems; when two particles are entangled the measurement of the properties of one of the two allows to instantaneously know the properties of the other, whatever…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-22 Adeline Orieux , Marijn A. M. Versteegh , Klaus D. Jöns , Sara Ducci

Entanglement is an extraordinary feature of quantum mechanics. Sources of entangled optical photons were essential to test the foundations of quantum physics through violations of Bell's inequalities. More recently, entangled many-body…

In contrast to the intuitively plausible assumption of local realism, entangled particles, even when isolated, are not allowed to possess definite properties in their own right, as quantitatively expressed by violations of Bell's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Savasta , O. DiStefano , R. Girlanda

Entanglement, which is an essential characteristic of quantum mechanics, is the key element in potential practical quantum information and quantum communication systems. However, there are many open and fundamental questions (relating to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 G. W. Ford , Yang Gao , R. F. O'Connell