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We review some aspects of the current state of data-intensive astronomy, its methods, and some outstanding data analysis challenges. Astronomy is at the forefront of "big data" science, with exponentially growing data volumes and data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-04 G. Longo , M. Brescia , S. G. Djorgovski , S. Cavuoti , C. Donalek

In the era of real-time astronomy, citizen scientists play an increasingly important role in the discovery and follow-up of transient astrophysical phenomena. From local astronomical societies to global initiatives, amateur astronomers…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-15 Fabian Schüssler , B. Cornejo , M. Costa , I. Jaroschewski , W. Kiendrébéogo

There is an increasing number of large, digital, synoptic sky surveys, in which repeated observations are obtained over large areas of the sky in multiple epochs. Likewise, there is a growth in the number of (often automated or robotic)…

With SKA precursor and pathfinder operations in full swing, radio and (sub-)mm astronomy is entering the era of super big data. The big questions is how to make (sub-)mm and radio data available to the astronomical community, preferably…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-23 K. A. Lutz , J. Dempsey , Y. G. Grange , M. Kettenis , M. Lacy , C. Schollar

Astrophysical observations of the cosmos allow us to probe extreme physics and answer foundational questions on our universe. Modern astronomy is increasingly operating under a holistic approach, probing the same question with multiple…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-04 Eric Burns , Christopher L. Fryer , Ivan Agullo , Jennifer Andrews , Elias Aydi , Matthew G. Baring , Eddie Baron , Peter G. Boorman , Mohammad Ali Boroumand , Eric Borowski , Floor S. Broekgaarden , Poonam Chandra , Emmanouil Chatzopoulos , Hsin-Yu Chen , Kelly A. Chipps , Francesca Civano , Luca Comisso , Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño , Phong Dang , Catherine M. Deibel , Tarraneh Eftekhari , Courey Elliott , Ryan J. Foley , Christopher J. Fontes , Amy Gall , Gwendolyn R. Galleher , Gabriela Gonzalez , Fan Guo , Maria C. Babiuc Hamilton , J. Patrick Harding , Joseph Henning , Falk Herwig , William Raphael Hix , Anna Y. Q. Ho , Kelly Holley-Bockelmann , Rebekah Hounsell , C. Michelle Hui , Thomas Brian Humensky , Aimee Hungerford , Robert I. Hynes , Weidong Jin , Heather Johns , Maria Gatu Johnson , Jamie A. Kennea , Carolyn Kuranz , Gavin P. Lamb , Kristina D. Launey , Tiffany R. Lewis , Ioannis Liodakis , Daniel Livescu , Stuart Loch , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Thomas Maccarone , Lea Marcotulli , Athina Meli , Bronson Messer , M. Coleman Miller , Valarie Milton , Elias R. Most , Darin C. Mumma , Matthew R. Mumpower , Michela Negro , Eliza Neights , Peter Nugent , Dheeraj R Pasham , David Radice , Bindu Rani , Jocelyn S. Read , Rene Reifarth , Emily Reily , Lauren Rhodes , Andrea Richard , Paul M. Ricker , Christopher J. Roberts , Hendrik Schatz , Peter Shawhan , Endre Takacs , John A. Tomsick , Aaron C. Trigg , Todd Urbatsch , Nicole Vassh , V. Ashley Villar , Zorawar Wadiasingh , Gaurav Waratkar , Michael Zingale

Electromagnetic observations of the sky have been the basis for our study of the Universe for millennia, cosmic ray studies are now entering their second century, the first neutrinos from an astrophysical source were identified three…

In the past two years, the environment within which astronomers conduct their data analysis and management has rapidly changed. Working Groups associated with international societies and Big Data projects have emerged to support and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-15 Eric D. Feigelson , Željko Ivezić , Joseph Hilbe , Kirk D. Borne

With the volume and availability of astronomical data growing rapidly, astronomers will soon rely on the use of machine learning algorithms in their daily work. This proceeding aims to give an overview of what machine learning is and delve…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-06 Sara A. Webb , Simon R. Goode

The future of astronomy is inextricably entwined with the care and feeding of astronomical data products. Community standards such as FITS and NDF have been instrumental in the success of numerous astronomy projects. Their very success…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-05 Jessica Mink , Robert G. Mann , Robert Hanisch , Arnold Rots , Rob Seaman , Tim Jenness , Brian Thomas , William O'Mullane

The amount of data produced by large observational facilities and space missions has led to the archiving and on-line accessibility of much of this data, available to the entire astronomical community. This allows a much wider…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 H. Andernach , R. J. Hanisch , F. Murtagh

The astronomy community has made clear our shared scientific vision in the Astro2010 decadal survey. Who will build this future? The cost and scarcity of telescope resources makes vital learning through doing extremely difficult for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Sarah Tuttle , Hanshin Lee , Cynthia Froning , Mike Montgomery

Progress in astronomy comes from interpreting the signals encoded in the light received from distant objects: the distribution of light over the sky (images), over photon wavelength (spectrum), over polarization angle, and over time…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-26 Simon Vaughan

We provide a brief, and inevitably incomplete overview of the use of Machine Learning (ML) and other AI methods in astronomy, astrophysics, and cosmology. Astronomy entered the big data era with the first digital sky surveys in the early…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-06 S. G. Djorgovski , A. A. Mahabal , M. J. Graham , K. Polsterer , A. Krone-Martins

The era of multi-messenger astrophysics requires rapid and efficient follow-up of transient events, many of which, such as gravitational waves (GW), gamma-ray bursts (GRB), and high-energy neutrinos, suffer from poor sky localisation. We…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-27 Fabian Schüssler , H. Ashkar , W. Kiendrébéogo , M. Seglar-Arroyo , M. de Bony , A. Berti , E. Ruiz-Velasco , R. Le Montagner

Atmospheric processes involve both space and time. This is why human analysis of atmospheric imagery can often extract more information from animated loops of image sequences than from individual images. Automating such an analysis requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Akansha Singh Bansal , Yoonjin Lee , Kyle Hilburn , Imme Ebert-Uphoff

The situation of data sharing in astronomy is positioned in the current general context of a political push towards, and rapid development of, scientific data sharing. Data is already one of the major infrastructures of astronomy, thanks to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-08 Francoise Genova

Fundamental coding and software development skills are increasingly necessary for success in nearly every aspect of astronomical and astrophysical research as large surveys and high resolution simulations become the norm. However,…

The Astro2020 Decadal Survey recognizes time-domain astronomy as a key science area over the next decade and beyond. With over 30 years of HST data and the potential for 20 years of JWST operations, these flagship observatories offer an…

There is a growing appreciation that the environmental conditions that we call space weather impact the technological infrastructure that powers the coupled economies around the world. With that comes the need to better shield society…

We live in momentous times. The science community is empowered with an arsenal of cosmic messengers to study the Universe in unprecedented detail. Gravitational waves, electromagnetic waves, neutrinos and cosmic rays cover a wide range of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 E. A. Huerta , Zhizhen Zhao