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More and more evidence has shown that strengthening layer interactions can enhance the representation power of a deep neural network, while self-attention excels at learning interdependencies by retrieving query-activated information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Yanwen Fang , Yuxi Cai , Jintai Chen , Jingyu Zhao , Guangjian Tian , Guodong Li

Attention-based Neural Networks (NN) have demonstrated their effectiveness in accurate memory access prediction, an essential step in data prefetching. However, the substantial computational overheads associated with these models result in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Pengmiao Zhang , Neelesh Gupta , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor K. Prasanna

Aggressively quantized large language models (LLMs), such as BitNet-style 1.58-bit Transformers with ternary weights, make it feasible to deploy generative AI on low-power edge FPGAs. However, as prompts grow to tens of thousands of tokens,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Yifan Zhang , Zhiheng Chen , Ye Qiao , Sitao Huang

The fast growing capabilities of large-scale deep learning models, such as Bert, GPT and ViT, are revolutionizing the landscape of NLP, CV and many other domains. Training such models, however, poses an unprecedented demand for computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Longwei Zou , Han Zhang , Yangdong Deng

Transformers have demonstrated exceptional performance across various domains due to their self-attention mechanism, which captures complex relationships in data. However, training on smaller datasets poses challenges, as standard attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Minhajur Rahman , Yasir Arafat

We introduce Data Diversification: a simple but effective strategy to boost neural machine translation (NMT) performance. It diversifies the training data by using the predictions of multiple forward and backward models and then merging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Shafiq Joty , Wu Kui , Ai Ti Aw

Transformers have emerged as viable alternatives to convolutional neural networks owing to their ability to learn non-local region relationships in the spatial domain. The self-attention mechanism of the transformer enables transformers to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-09 Rahul G. S. , Sriprabha Ramnarayanan , Mohammad Al Fahim , Keerthi Ram , Preejith S. P , Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam

Deep learning employs multi-layer neural networks trained via the backpropagation algorithm. This approach has achieved success across many domains and relies on adaptive gradient methods such as the Adam optimizer. Sequence modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Esmail Gumaan

Training a neural network (NN) depends on multiple factors, including but not limited to the initial weights. In this paper, we focus on initializing deep NN parameters such that it performs better, comparing to random or zero…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Mohamad H. Danesh

Transformers have achieved great success in machine translation, but transformer-based NMT models often require millions of bilingual parallel corpus for training. In this paper, we propose a novel architecture named as attention link (AL)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Zeping Min

Deep neural networks may perform poorly when training datasets are heavily class-imbalanced. Recently, two-stage methods decouple representation learning and classifier learning to improve performance. But there is still the vital issue of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Zhisheng Zhong , Jiequan Cui , Shu Liu , Jiaya Jia

Training Deep Neural Networks is complicated by the fact that the distribution of each layer's inputs changes during training, as the parameters of the previous layers change. This slows down the training by requiring lower learning rates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Sergey Ioffe , Christian Szegedy

Transformer is a ubiquitous model for natural language processing and has attracted wide attentions in computer vision. The attention maps are indispensable for a transformer model to encode the dependencies among input tokens. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yujing Wang , Yaming Yang , Jiangang Bai , Mingliang Zhang , Jing Bai , Jing Yu , Ce Zhang , Gao Huang , Yunhai Tong

On account of its many successes in inference tasks and denoising applications, Dictionary Learning (DL) and its related sparse optimization problems have garnered a lot of research interest. While most solutions have focused on single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Wen Tang , Emilie Chouzenoux , Jean-Christophe Pesquet , Hamid Krim

Transformers are considered one of the most important deep learning models since 2018, in part because it establishes state-of-the-art (SOTA) records and could potentially replace existing Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Despite the remarkable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Hongwu Peng , Shaoyi Huang , Shiyang Chen , Bingbing Li , Tong Geng , Ang Li , Weiwen Jiang , Wujie Wen , Jinbo Bi , Hang Liu , Caiwen Ding

Existing approaches to increasing the effective depth of Transformers predominantly rely on parameter reuse, extending computation through recursive execution. Under this paradigm, the network structure remains static along the training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yao Chen , Yilong Chen , Yinqi Yang , Junyuan Shang , Zhenyu Zhang , Zefeng Zhang , Shuaiyi Nie , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , HaiFeng Wang , Tingwen Liu

This paper investigates multilevel initialization strategies for training very deep neural networks with a layer-parallel multigrid solver. The scheme is based on the continuous interpretation of the training problem as a problem of optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Eric C. Cyr , Stefanie Günther , Jacob B. Schroder

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in diverse natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The LLMs generally undergo supervised fine-tuning (SFT) followed by preference alignment to be usable in downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Shiva Kumar Pentyala , Zhichao Wang , Bin Bi , Kiran Ramnath , Xiang-Bo Mao , Regunathan Radhakrishnan , Sitaram Asur , Na , Cheng

Attention is a core operation in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs). We present BD Attention (BDA), the first lossless algorithmic reformulation of attention. BDA is enabled by a simple matrix identity from Basis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Jialin Zhao

Transformer-based models have emerged as a leading architecture for natural language processing, natural language generation, and image generation tasks. A fundamental element of the transformer architecture is self-attention, which allows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Venmugil Elango
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