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In the medical domain, the lack of large training data sets and benchmarks is often a limiting factor for training deep neural networks. In contrast to expensive manual labeling, computer simulations can generate large and fully labeled…

Synthetic neuroimaging data can mitigate critical limitations of real-world datasets, including the scarcity of rare phenotypes, domain shifts across scanners, and insufficient longitudinal coverage. However, existing generative models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Fabian Bongratz , Yitong Li , Sama Elbaroudy , Christian Wachinger

This paper presents the second-placed solution for task 8 and the participation solution for task 7 of BraTS 2024. The adoption of automated brain analysis algorithms to support clinical practice is increasing. However, many of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 André Ferreira , Gijs Luijten , Behrus Puladi , Jens Kleesiek , Victor Alves , Jan Egger

Surgical planning and training based on machine learning requires a large amount of 3D anatomical models reconstructed from medical imaging, which is currently one of the major bottlenecks. Obtaining these data from real patients and during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ann-Sophia Müller , Moonkwang Jeong , Meng Zhang , Jiyuan Tian , Arkadiusz Miernik , Stefanie Speidel , Tian Qiu

Understanding the intensity characteristics of brain lesions is key for defining image-based biomarkers in neurological studies and for predicting disease burden and outcome. In this work, we present a novel foreground-based generative…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-04 Berke Doga Basaran , Mengyun Qiao , Paul M. Matthews , Wenjia Bai

Typically, a medical image offers spatial information on the anatomy (and pathology) modulated by imaging specific characteristics. Many imaging modalities including Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Agisilaos Chartsias , Thomas Joyce , Giorgos Papanastasiou , Michelle Williams , David Newby , Rohan Dharmakumar , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Body composition analysis provides valuable insights into aging, disease progression, and overall health conditions. Due to concerns of radiation exposure, two-dimensional (2D) single-slice computed tomography (CT) imaging has been used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Lianrui Zuo , Xin Yu , Dingjie Su , Kaiwen Xu , Aravind R. Krishnan , Yihao Liu , Shunxing Bao , Fabien Maldonado , Luigi Ferrucci , Bennett A. Landman

Understanding the hidden mechanisms behind human's visual perception is a fundamental question in neuroscience. To that end, investigating into the neural responses of human mind activities, such as functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yuankun Yang , Li Zhang , Ziyang Xie , Zhiyuan Yuan , Jianfeng Feng , Xiatian Zhu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Semantic segmentation of neuronal structures in 3D high-resolution fluorescence microscopy imaging of the human brain cortex can take advantage of bidimensional CNNs, which yield good results in neuron localization but lead to inaccurate…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-03 Filippo Maria Castelli , Matteo Roffilli , Giacomo Mazzamuto , Irene Costantini , Ludovico Silvestri , Francesco Saverio Pavone

Dynamic volumetric MRI provides valuable information on in vivo motion and biomechanics, with applications spanning cardiac, musculoskeletal, or pulmonary imaging, amongst others. Developing reconstruction methods for time-resolved…

Distributional models provide a convenient way to model semantics using dense embedding spaces derived from unsupervised learning algorithms. However, the dimensions of dense embedding spaces are not designed to resemble human semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Steven Derby , Paul Miller , Brian Murphy , Barry Devereux

Data augmentation can effectively resolve a scarcity of images when training machine-learning algorithms. It can make them more robust to unseen images. We present a lesion conditional Generative Adversarial Network LcGAN to generate…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-10 Manohar Karki , Junghwan Cho , Seokhwan Ko

Recent advances in deep learning methods have increased the performance of face detection and recognition systems. The accuracy of these models relies on the range of variation provided in the training data. Creating a dataset that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Shubhajit Basak , Hossein Javidnia , Faisal Khan , Rachel McDonnell , Michael Schukat

Computer vision technologies markedly enhance the automation capabilities of robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RAMIS) through advanced tool tracking, detection, and localization. However, the limited availability of comprehensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Tianle Zeng , Gerardo Loza Galindo , Junlei Hu , Pietro Valdastri , Dominic Jones

Fast and robust three-dimensional reconstruction of facial geometric structure from a single image is a challenging task with numerous applications. Here, we introduce a learning-based approach for reconstructing a three-dimensional face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-27 Elad Richardson , Matan Sela , Ron Kimmel

Deep learning models in medical contexts face challenges like data scarcity, inhomogeneity, and privacy concerns. This study focuses on improving ventricular segmentation in brain MRI images using synthetic data. We employed two latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tim Ruschke , Jonathan Frederik Carlsen , Adam Espe Hansen , Ulrich Lindberg , Amalie Monberg Hindsholm , Martin Norgaard , Claes Nøhr Ladefoged

Deep learning-based image reconstruction methods have achieved promising results across multiple MRI applications. However, most approaches require large-scale fully-sampled ground truth data for supervised training. Acquiring fully-sampled…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-01 Elizabeth K. Cole , John M. Pauly , Shreyas S. Vasanawala , Frank Ong

Counterfactual generation offers a principled framework for simulating hypothetical changes in medical imaging, with potential applications in understanding disease mechanisms and generating physiologically plausible data. However,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-25 Pengwei Sun , Wei Peng , Lun Yu Li , Yixin Wang , Kilian M. Pohl

Text-conditioned generative models for volumetric medical imaging provide semantic control but lack explicit anatomical guidance, often resulting in outputs that are spatially ambiguous or anatomically inconsistent. In contrast,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Daniele Molino , Camillo Maria Caruso , Paolo Soda , Valerio Guarrasi

This article provides recommendations for implementing quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for clinical brain research. It is a consensus of the ISMRM Electro-Magnetic Tissue Properties Study Group. While QSM technical development…

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