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Resolving fine details of astronomical objects provides critical insights into their underlying physical processes. This drives in part the desire to construct ever-larger telescopes and interferometer arrays and to observe at shorter…

SPIRou is a near-infrared (nIR) spectropolarimeter / velocimeter proposed as a new-generation instrument for CFHT. SPIRou aims in particular at becoming world-leader on two forefront science topics, (i) the quest for habitable Earth-like…

Interferometric Particle Imaging (IPI) is a powerful technique to characterize aerosol particles, which so far has been applied only to particles larger than about 100 wavelengths. We extend its applicability to smaller ice crystals,…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-24 Marc Brunel , Gilles Demange , Renaud Patte , Maxim Yurkin

Highest resolution imaging in astronomy is achieved by interferometry, connecting telescopes over increasingly longer distances, and at successively shorter wavelengths. Here, we present the first diffraction-limited images in visual light,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-21 Dainis Dravins , Tiphaine Lagadec , Paul D. Nuñez

In this white paper, we propose an upgrade to the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) consisting of the addition of a new 8m Unit Telescope (UT5). The primary goal of this upgrade is to optimise the VLTI for exoplanet detection by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-22 Óscar Carrión-González , Sylvestre Lacour , Mathias Nowak

A novel interferometric technique that uses the spectrum of the current fluctuations of a quadratic detector, a type of detector commonly used in Astronomy, has recently been introduced. It has major advantages with respect to classical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Ermanno F. Borra

We present an overview of SITELLE, an Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (iFTS) available at the 3.6-meter Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. SITELLE is a Michelson-type interferometer able to reconstruct the spectrum of every light source…

Space interferometry is the inevitable endpoint of high angular resolution astrophysics, and a key technology that can be leveraged to analyse exoplanet formation and atmospheres with exceptional detail. However, the anticipated cost of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-04 Jonah T. Hansen , Michael J. Ireland

The ultimate astronomical observatory would be a formation flying interferometer in space, immune to atmospheric turbulence and absorption, free from atmospheric and telescope thermal emission, and reconfigurable to adjust baselines…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-24 John D. Monnier , 67 endorsers

Interferometric measurements of optical path length differences of stars over large baselines can deliver extremely accurate astrometric data. The interferometer GRAVITY will simultaneously measure two objects in the field of view of the…

The scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) - is the oldest method of optical 3D spectroscopy. It is still in use because of the high spectral resolution it provides over a large field of view. The history of the application of this…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-13 A. V. Moiseev

Experiments are in progress to prepare for intensity interferometry with arrays of air Cherenkov telescopes. At the Bonneville Seabase site, near Salt Lake City, a testbed observatory has been set up with two 3-m air Cherenkov telescopes on…

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a technique for imaging celestial radio emissions by simultaneously observing a source from telescopes distributed across Earth. The challenges in reconstructing images from fine angular…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-08 Katherine L. Bouman , Michael D. Johnson , Daniel Zoran , Vincent L. Fish , Sheperd S. Doeleman , William T. Freeman

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is being designed to detect and study in detail gravitational waves from sources throughout the Universe such as massive black hole binaries. The conceptual formulation of the LISA space-borne…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Scott E Pollack , Robin Tuck Stebbins

In this communication are presented rigorous and approximate analytical expressions of the Point Spread Function (PSF) and Field of View (FoV) achievable by multi-aperture Fizeau interferometers, either of the imaging or nulling types. The…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 F. Henault

Few spectra of directly-imaged exoplanets have been obtained in the mid-infrared (> 3 $\mu$m). This region is particularly rich in molecular spectral signatures, whose measurements can help recover atmospheric parameters and provide a…

Current detection methods of planetary companions do not allow retrieving their spectral information properties. The method of Differential Interferometry has the potential to complement such information by comparing interferometric…

The Caltech-Jodrell Bank very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) Surveys give detailed 5 GHz VLBI images of several hundred milliarcsecond (mas) radio sources, and the full width at half-maximum angular sizes of the corresponding compact…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. C. Jackson

At the Very Large Telescope Interferometer, the purpose of the fringe-tracker FINITO is to stabilize the optical path differences between the beams, allowing longer integration times on the scientific instruments AMBER and MIDI. Our goal is…

A new generation of interferometric instruments is emerging which aim to use intensity mapping of redshifted $21\,$cm radiation to measure the large-scale structure of the Universe at $z\simeq 1-2$ over wide areas of sky. While these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-16 Martin White , Nikhil Padmanabhan