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Individualized treatment rules (ITR) can improve health outcomes by recognizing that patients may respond differently to treatment and assigning therapy with the most desirable predicted outcome for each individual. Flexible and efficient…
Texture is an essential information in image representation, capturing patterns and structures. As a result, texture plays a crucial role in the manufacturing industry and is extensively studied in the fields of computer vision and pattern…
Fourier Transform Interferometry (FTI) is an interferometric procedure for acquiring HyperSpectral (HS) data. Recently, it has been observed that the light source highlighting a (biologic) sample can be coded before the FTI acquisition in a…
Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a promising computational imaging technique with high resolution, wide field-of-view (FOV) and quantitative phase recovery. So far, a series of system errors that may corrupt the image quality of…
When interpreting spectropolarimetric observations of the solar atmosphere, wavelength variations of the emergent intensity and polarization translate into information on the depth stratification of physical parameters. We aim to quantify…
The intensive development of technology for fabrication semiconducting CVD diamond layers poses an important task of developing a precise and non-destructive method for estimation the boron content in thin epitaxial layers. For bulk and…
Two-color ratio pyrometry is commonly used to measure the surface temperature of aerospace materials during plasma wind tunnel experiments. However, the effect of the plasma radiation on the measurement accuracy is often neglected. In this…
Understanding the effect of a particular treatment or a policy pertains to many areas of interest, ranging from political economics, marketing to healthcare. In this paper, we develop a non-parametric algorithm for detecting the effects of…
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy exploits the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei to discover the structure, reaction state and chemical environment of molecules. We propose a probabilistic generative model and inference…
Astronomical optical interferometers sample the Fourier transform of the intensity distribution of a source at the observation wavelength. Because of rapid perturbations caused by atmospheric turbulence, the phases of the complex Fourier…
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) of Nd doped phosphate glasses have been studied before and after gamma irradiation in order to find the behavior of chemical bonds, which decide the structural…
Mosaic crystals, with their high integrated reflectivities, are widely-employed in spectrometers used to diagnose high energy density systems. X-ray Thomson scattering (XRTS) has emerged as a powerful diagnostic tool of these systems,…
Mass Spectrometry (MS) is a largely used analytical technique in biology with applications such as the determination of molecule masses or the elucidation of structural data. Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance MS is one…
Several devices for substrate texture detection based on diffractive optics, for paper, textiles and non-wovens have been proposed in the past for direct inspection during the production processes. In spite of the presence of devices…
Weak gravitational lensing has emerged as a leading probe of the growth of cosmic structure. However, the shear signal is very small and accurate measurement depends critically on our ability to understand how non-ideal instrumental effects…
Accurate direct measurements of far-field thermal infrared emission become increasingly important because conventional methods, relying on indirect assessments, such as reflectance/transmittance, are inaccurate or even unfeasible to…
Fourier imaging is an indirect imaging method which records the diffraction pattern of the object scene coherently in the focal plane of the imaging system and reconstructs the image using computational resources. The spatial resolution,…
Optical two-dimensional Fourier-transformed (2DFT) spectroscopy is used to study the coherent optical response of potassium vapor in a thin transmission cell. Rephasing and non-rephasing spectra of the D1 and D2 transitions are obtained and…
An individualized treatment rule (ITR) tailors treatments to a patient's specific characteristics. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are often underpowered to detect the treatment effect heterogeneity needed for reliable ITR…
Fourier transform is applied to annular beams of simplified flat two-level geometry: bright outer ring with a darker core. The pattern of focal beam profile (i.e. far field) is calculated and characterized with respect of its intensity…