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Object cross-identification in multiple observations is often complicated by the uncertainties in their astrometric calibration. Due to the lack of standard reference objects, an image with a small field of view can have significantly…

The biggest uncertainty in determining microlensing parameters comes from the blending of source star images because the current experiments are being carried out toward very dense star fields: the Galactic bulge and Magellanic Clouds. The…

Hubble's long, stable astrometric baseline creates a rare opportunity for discovery in the Local Group and beyond. Many nearby galaxies, streams, and star clusters already have archival first-epoch imaging in hand, so future HST…

An 8 m successor to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) would make incredible gains in the study of stellar populations, especially in the Local Group. If diffraction-limited at 0.5 microns, the "Next HST" could produce high-resolution imaging…

Building on previous Bayesian approaches, we introduce a novel formulation of probabilistic cross-identification, where detections are directly associated to (hypothesized) astronomical objects in a globally optimal way. We show that this…

The most irreplaceable capability of HST in the 2030s is not only its angular resolution or its UV--optical sensitivity, but its accumulated time baseline. We recommend a Hubble Local Group Astrometric Legacy that would obtain matched 2030s…

Obtaining accurately calibrated redshift distributions of photometric samples is one of the great challenges in photometric surveys like LSST, Euclid, HSC, KiDS, and DES. We present an inference methodology that combines the redshift…

We simulate deep images from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) using semi-empirical models of galaxy formation with only a few basic assumptions and parameters. We project our simulations all the way to the observational domain, adding…

The Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is currently one of the most widely used instruments for observing exoplanetary atmospheres, especially with the use of the spatial scanning technique. An increasing number of…

We present a solution for the relative positions and orientations of the four CCD chips on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Planetary Camera (PC). An accurate solution is required when matching HST images with ground-based images or with…

With the use of simulated supernova catalogs, we show that the statefinder parameters turn out to be poorly and biased estimated by standard cosmography. To this end, we compute their standard deviations and several bias statistics on…

Ground-based optical surveys such as PanSTARRS, DES, and LSST, will produce large catalogs to limiting magnitudes of r > 24. Star-galaxy separation poses a major challenge to such surveys because galaxies---even very compact…

With sub-microarcsecond angular accuracy, the \theia telescope will be capable of revealing the architectures of nearby exoplanetary systems down to the mass of Earth. This research addresses the challenges inherent in space astrometry…

Data from the Euclid space telescope will enable cosmic shear measurements with very small statistical errors, requiring corresponding systematic error control level. A common approach to correct for shear biases involves calibrating shape…

We have built a reliable and robust system that takes as input an astronomical image, and returns as output the pointing, scale, and orientation of that image (the astrometric calibration or WCS information). The system requires no first…

Using the newly available infrared images of the Hubble Deep Field in the J, H, and K bands and an optimal photometric method, we have refined a technique to estimate the redshifts of 1067 galaxies. A detailed comparison of our results with…

The Chinese Space Station Telescope (abbreviated as CSST) is a future advanced space telescope. Real-time identification of galaxy and nebula/star cluster (abbreviated as NSC) images is of great value during CSST survey. While recent…

We assess the relative merits of weak lensing surveys, using overlapping imaging data from the ground-based Subaru telescope and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Our tests complement similar studies undertaken with simulated data. From…

We present a robust and fast algorithm for performing astrometry and source cross-identification on two dimensional point lists, such as between a catalogue and an astronomical image, or between two images. The method is based on minimal…

Accurate weak lensing mass estimates of clusters are needed in order to calibrate mass proxies for the cosmological exploitation of galaxy cluster surveys. Such measurements require accurate knowledge of the redshift distribution of the…