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The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm has been predominantly used to approximate the maximum likelihood estimation of the location-scale Gaussian mixtures. However, when the models are over-specified, namely, the chosen number of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-24 Tongzheng Ren , Fuheng Cui , Sujay Sanghavi , Nhat Ho

Statistical and machine-learning algorithms are frequently applied to high-dimensional data. In many of these applications data is scarce, and often much more costly than computation time. We provide the first sample-efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-20 Jayadev Acharya , Ashkan Jafarpour , Alon Orlitsky , Ananda Theertha Suresh

The Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm is of key importance for inference in latent variable models including mixture of regressors and experts, missing observations. This paper introduces a novel EM algorithm, called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Gersende Fort , Eric Moulines , Hoi-To Wai

Initialisation of the EM algorithm in model-based clustering is often crucial. Various starting points in the parameter space often lead to different local maxima of the likelihood function and, so to different clustering partitions. Among…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-07-28 Luca Scrucca , Adrian E. Raftery

Mixture models of Plackett-Luce (PL) -- one of the most fundamental ranking models -- are an active research area of both theoretical and practical significance. Most previously proposed parameter estimation algorithms instantiate the EM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Duc Nguyen , Anderson Y. Zhang

Estimators derived from an EM algorithm are not robust since they are based on the maximization of the likelihood function. We propose a proximal-point algorithm based on the EM algorithm which aim to minimize a divergence criterion.…

Computation · Statistics 2016-07-11 Diaa Al Mohamad , Michel Broniatowski

Semi- and non-parametric mixture of regressions are a very useful flexible class of mixture of regressions in which some or all of the parameters are non-parametric functions of the covariates. These models are, however, based on the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-21 Peterson Mambondimumwe , Sphiwe B. Skhosana , Najmeh Nakhaei Rad

We derive uniform convergence rates for the maximum likelihood estimator and minimax lower bounds for parameter estimation in two-component location-scale Gaussian mixture models with unequal variances. We assume the mixing proportions of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Tudor Manole , Nhat Ho

The speed of convergence of the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm for Gaussian mixture model fitting is known to be dependent on the amount of overlap among the mixture components. In this paper, we study the impact of mixing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Iftekhar Naim , Daniel Gildea

We consider maximum likelihood estimation for Gaussian Mixture Models (Gmms). This task is almost invariably solved (in theory and practice) via the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm. EM owes its success to various factors, of which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-04 Reshad Hosseini , Suvrit Sra

Mixtures-of-Experts models and their maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) via the EM algorithm have been thoroughly studied in the statistics and machine learning literature. They are subject of a growing investigation in the context of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-13 Faïcel Chamroukhi , Florian Lecocq , Hien D. Nguyen

The Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm is widely used as an iterative modification to maximum likelihood estimation when the data is incomplete. We focus on a semi-supervised case to learn the model from labeled and unlabeled samples.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Erixhen Sula , Lizhong Zheng

We propose an Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) learning algorithm, based on our previous work of GMM expansion idea. The new algorithm brings more robustness and simplicity than classic Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm. It also improves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Weiguo Lu , Xuan Wu , Deng Ding , Gangnan Yuan

The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm and its variants are widely used in statistics. In high-dimensional mixture linear regression, the model is assumed to be a finite mixture of linear regression and the number of predictors is much…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-24 Ning Wang , Xin Zhang , Qing Mai

We consider the problem of estimating means of two Gaussians in a 2-Gaussian mixture, which is not balanced and is corrupted by noise of an arbitrary distribution. We present a robust algorithm to estimate the parameters, together with…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-23 Jing Xu , Jakub Marecek

This study explores the classification error of Mixture Discriminant Analysis (MDA) in scenarios where the number of mixture components exceeds those present in the actual data distribution, a condition known as overspecification. We use a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-03 Arman Bolatov , Alan Legg , Igor Melnykov , Amantay Nurlanuly , Maxat Tezekbayev , Zhenisbek Assylbekov

The Expectation--Maximization (EM) algorithm is a simple meta-algorithm that has been used for many years as a methodology for statistical inference when there are missing measurements in the observed data or when the data is composed of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-15 Hideitsu Hino , Shotaro Akaho , Noboru Murata

We study the problem of robustly estimating the mean or location parameter without moment assumptions. We show that for a large class of symmetric distributions, the same error as in the Gaussian setting can be achieved efficiently. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Gleb Novikov , David Steurer , Stefan Tiegel

Problems of probabilistic inference and decision making under uncertainty commonly involve continuous random variables. Often these are discretized to a few points, to simplify assessments and computations. An alternative approximation is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 William B. Poland , Ross D. Shachter

We consider the problem of estimating the factors of a low-rank $n \times d$ matrix, when this is corrupted by additive Gaussian noise. A special example of our setting corresponds to clustering mixtures of Gaussians with equal (known)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-02 Andrea Montanari , Yuchen Wu