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Symmetries constrain dynamics. We test this fundamental physical principle, experimentally and by molecular dynamics simulations, for a hot Janus swimmer operating far from thermal equilibrium. Our results establish scalar and vectorial…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-10-05 Gianmaria Falasco , Richard Pfaller , Andreas P. Bregulla , Frank Cichos , Klaus Kroy

The dynamics within active fluids, driven by internal activity of the self-propelled particles, is a subject of intense study in non-equilibrium physics. These systems have been explored using simulations, where the motion of a passive…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-04-03 Saroj Kumar Nandi , Nir S. Gov

Diffusion of small particles is omnipresent in a plentiful number of processes occurring in Nature. As such, it is widely studied and exerted in almost all branches of sciences. It constitutes such a broad and often rather complex subject…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-11 Jakub Spiechowicz , Ivan G. Marchenko , Peter Hänggi , Jerzy Łuczka

This review presents the effective temperature notion as defined from the deviations from the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation theorem in out of equilibrium systems with slow dynamics. The thermodynamic meaning of this quantity is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-28 Leticia F. Cugliandolo

Brownian motion has played important roles in many different fields of science since its origin was first explained by Albert Einstein in 1905. Einstein's theory of Brownian motion, however, is only applicable at long time scales. At short…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-09-03 Tongcang Li , Mark G. Raizen

Biologically driven non-equilibrium fluctuations are often characterized by their non-Gaussianity or by an "effective temperature", which is frequency dependent and higher than the ambient temperature. We address these two measures…

Biological Physics · Physics 2011-06-16 Eyal Ben-Isaac , YongKeun Park , Gabriel Popescu , Frank L. H. Brown , Nir S. Gov , Yair Shokef

The fundamental insight into Brownian motion by Einstein is that all substances exhibit continual fluctuations due to thermal agitation balancing with the frictional resistance. However, even at thermal equilibrium, biological activity can…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-02-19 Soya Shinkai , Yuichi Togashi

We review the general aspects of the concept of temperature in equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Although temperature is an old and well-established notion, it still presents controversial facets. After a short…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-11-13 A. Puglisi , A. Sarracino , A. Vulpiani

We derive the generalized Markovian description for the non-equilibrium Brownian motion of a heated particle in a simple solvent with a temperature-dependent viscosity. Our analytical results for the generalized fluctuation-dissipation and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-18 Daniel Rings , Romy Schachoff , Markus Selmke , Frank Cichos , Klaus Kroy

Thermal energy agitates all matter and its competition with ordering tendencies is one of the most fundamental organizing principles in the physical world. Thus, it is natural to enquire if an effective temperature could result when…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-09-10 Ming Han , Jing Yan , Steve Granick , Erik Luijten

We set up a mesoscopic theory for interacting Brownian particles embedded in a nonequilibrium environment, starting from the microscopic interacting many-body theory. Using nonequilibrium linear response theory, we characterize the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-01-04 Stefano Steffenoni , Klaus Kroy , Gianmaria Falasco

The paper is devoted to the problem of the determination of regular and thermal forces acting on microscopic and smaller objects in fluids. One of the methods how regular forces are determined is the measurement of the drift velocity of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-02-21 Jana Tothova , Lukas Glod , Gabriela Vasziova , Vladimir Lisy

We consider a generic system operating under non-equilibrium conditions. Explicitly, we consider an inertial classical Brownian particle dwelling a periodic structure with a spatially broken reflection symmetry. The particle is coupled to a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-15 P. Hänggi , J. Łuczka , J. Spiechowicz

We extend the recently developed non-gaussian thermodynamic formalism \cite{tre98} of a (presumably strongly turbulent) non-Markovian medium to its most general form that allows for the formulation of a consistent thermodynamic theory. All…

Space Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. A. Treumann

A definition of nonequilibrium free energy $\mathcal{F}_{\textsc{s}}$ is proposed for dynamical Gaussian quantum open systems strongly coupled to a heat bath and a formal derivation is provided by way of the generating functional in terms…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-10 Jen-Tsung Hsiang , B. L. Hu

We use molecular dynamics simulations to study the dynamics of an ensemble of interacting self-propelled semi-flexible polymers in contact with a thermal bath. Our intention is to model complex systems of biological interest. We find that…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-05-06 Davide Loi , Stefano Mossa , Leticia F. Cugliandolo

The influence of the environment in the thermal equilibrium properties of a bipartite continuous variable quantum system is studied. The problem is treated within a system-plus-reservoir approach. The considered model reproduces the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-05 D. M. Valente , A. O. Caldeira

We define an effective temperature and study its properties for a class of out-of-equilibrium steady states in a heat bath. Our analysis is based on the anti-de Sitter spacetime/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence, and examples…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-12-18 Shin Nakamura , Hirosi Ooguri

Nonequilibrium thermodynamics has shown its applicability in a wide variety of different situations pertaining to fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering. As successful as it is, however, its current formulation…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 J. M. G. Vilar , J. M. Rubi

Time-lapse microscopy imaging provides direct access to the dynamics of soft and living systems. At mesoscopic scales, such microscopy experiments reveal intrinsic fluctuations, which may have both thermal and non-equilibrium origins. These…

Biological Physics · Physics 2020-12-02 F. S. Gnesotto , G. Gradziuk , P. Ronceray , C. P. Broedersz