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Iterated games are a fundamental component of economic and evolutionary game theory. They describe situations where two players interact repeatedly and have the possibility to use conditional strategies that depend on the outcome of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-12 Christian Hilbe , Martin A. Nowak , Karl Sigmund

The research on coalitional games has focused on how to share the reward among a coalition such that players are incentivised to collaborate together. It assumes that the (deterministic or stochastic) characteristic function is known in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Dengji Zhao , Yiqing Huang , Liat Cohen , Tal Grinshpoun

Cooperative behavior is widespread in nature, even though cooperating individuals always run the risk to be exploited by free-riders. Population structure effectively promotes cooperation given that a threshold in the level of cooperation…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-16 Anna Melbinger , Jonas Cremer , Erwin Frey

Synchronization, cooperation, and chaos are ubiquitous phenomena in nature. In a population composed of many distinct groups of individuals playing the prisoner's dilemma game, there exists a migration dilemma: No cooperator would migrate…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-02-22 Shubhadeep Sadhukhan , Rohitashwa Chattopadhyay , Sagar Chakraborty

Cooperation lies at the foundations of human societies, yet why people cooperate remains a conundrum. The issue, known as network reciprocity, of whether population structure can foster cooperative behavior in social dilemmas has been…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-09-23 Giulio Cimini , Angel Sánchez

Collective cooperation drives the dynamics of many natural, social, and economic phenomena, making understanding the evolution of cooperation with evolutionary game theory a central question of modern science. Although human interactions…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-04-12 Yao Meng , Alex McAvoy , Aming Li

In social dilemmas, individuals face a conflict between their own self-interest and the collective interest of the group. The provision of reward has been shown to be an effective means to drive cooperation in such situations. However,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-08-21 Shijia Hua , Linjie Liu

Theoretical models suggest that social networks influence the evolution of cooperation, but to date there have been few experimental studies. Observational data suggest that a wide variety of behaviors may spread in human social networks,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-07-26 James H. Fowler , Nicholas A. Christakis

Getting a group to adopt cooperative norms is an enduring challenge. But in real-world settings, individuals don't just passively accept static environments, they act both within and upon the social systems that structure their…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Qiankun Zhong , Nori Jacoby , Ofer Tchernichovski , Seth Frey

The theoretical description of the evolution of cooperation presented by Bergstrom based on assortative matching with partner choice allows to model the population dynamics in a game of Nonrepetitive Prisoners Dilemma. In this paper we…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Pawel Sobkowicz

This paper discusses the role of opportunistic punisher who may act selfishly to free-ride cooperators or not to be exploited by defectors. To consider opportunistic punisher, we make a change to the sequence of one-shot public good game;…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2010-08-10 Jun-Sok Huhh

We study the effects of mobility on the evolution of cooperation among mobile players, which imitate collective motion of biological flocks and interact with neighbors within a prescribed radius $R$. Adopting the prisoner's dilemma game and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-02-22 Zhuo Chen , Jian-Xi Gao , Yun-Ze Cai , Xiao-Ming Xu

The evolution of cooperation often depends upon population structure, yet nearly all models of cooperation implicitly assume that this structure remains static. This is a simplifying assumption, because most organisms possess genetic traits…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-08-03 Simon T. Powers , Alexandra S. Penn , Richard A. Watson

Predators may attack isolated or grouped prey in a cooperative, collective way. Whether a gregarious behavior is advantageous to each species depends on several conditions and game theory is a useful tool to deal with such a problem. We…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-07-12 Annette Cazaubiel , Alessandra F. Lütz , Jeferson J. Arenzon

We study the emergence of cooperative behaviors in reinforcement learning agents by introducing a challenging competitive multi-agent soccer environment with continuous simulated physics. We demonstrate that decentralized, population-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Siqi Liu , Guy Lever , Josh Merel , Saran Tunyasuvunakool , Nicolas Heess , Thore Graepel

Understanding the evolutionary stability of cooperation is a central problem in biology, sociology, and economics. There exist only a few known mechanisms that guarantee the existence of cooperation and its robustness to cheating. Here, we…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-20 Lorenzo Fant , Onofrio Mazzarisi , Emanuele Panizon , Jacopo Grilli

Cooperation is ubiquitous in nature, but explaining its existence remains a central interdisciplinary challenge. Cooperation is most difficult to explain in the Prisoner's Dilemma game, where cooperators always lose in direct competition…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-11-13 J. David Van Dyken , Melanie J. I. Muller , Keenan M. L. Mack , Michael M. Desai

Cooperation is a key driver of human social progress. Studies of the evolution of cooperation typically assume a deterministic outcome for social interactions. But in real-world social interactions, interaction outcomes are often subject to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-14 Jiapeng Yu , Anzhi Sheng , Long Wang

Microscopic strategy update rules play an important role in the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation among interacting agents on complex networks. Many previous related works only consider one \emph{fixed} rule, while in the real world,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-27 Shengxian Wang , Weijia Yao , Ming Cao , Xiaojie Chen

Game theory formalizes certain interactions between physical particles or between living beings in biology, sociology, and economics, and quantifies the outcomes by payoffs. The prisoner's dilemma (PD) describes situations in which it is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-13 Dirk Helbing , Sergi Lozano