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Weak measurements introduced by Aharonov, Albert and Vaidman (AAV) can provide informations about the system with minimal back action. Weak values of product observables (commuting) or higher moments of an observable are informationally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-13 Sahil , Sohail , Subhrajit Modak , Sibasish Ghosh , Arun Kumar Pati

We characterize a value of an observable by a `sum rule' for generally non-commuting observables and a `product rule' when restricted to a maximal commuting subalgebra of observables together with the requirement that the value is unity for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-28 Akio Hosoya , Minoru Koga

We generalize the concept of a weak value of a quantum observable to cover arbitrary real positive operator measures. We show that the definition is operationally meaningful in the sense that it can be understood within the quantum theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Erkka Haapasalo , Pekka Lahti , Jussi Schultz

Quantum mechanical weak values of projection operators have been used to answer which-way questions, e.g. to trace which arms in a multiple Mach-Zehnder setup a particle may have traversed from a given initial to a prescribed final state. I…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-08 B. E. Y. Svensson

We extend the idea of weak measurements to the general case, provide a complete treatment and obtain results for both the regime when the pre-selected and post-selected states (PPS) are almost orthogonal and the regime when they are exactly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Shengjun Wu , Yang Li

The so-called eigenvalue-eigenstate link states that no property can be associated to a quantum system unless it is in an eigenstate of the corresponding operator. This precludes the assignation of properties to unmeasured quantum systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-24 Devashish Pandey , Rui Sampaio , Tapio Ala-Nissila , Guillermo Albareda , Xavier Oriols

Quantum measurement remains a puzzle through its stormy history from the birth of quantum mechanics to state-of-the-art quantum technologies. Two complementary measurement schemes have been widely investigated in a variety of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-22 Yiming Pan , Jie Zhang , Eliahu Cohen , Chun-wang Wu , Ping-Xing Chen , Nir Davidson

Closed expressions are derived for the quantum measurement statistics of pre-and postselected gaussian particle beams. The weakness of the pre-selection step is shown to compete with the non-orthogonality of post-selection in a transparent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-14 Tamas Geszti

Due to the reduced probability of successful post-selection, the weak-value amplification seems to be unavailable for the parameter-estimation. Here, we show theoretically that, some effects due to the weak interactions present only in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-23 Miao Zhang

It is argued that there is a sensible way to define conditional probabilities in quantum mechanics, assuming only Bayes's theorem and standard quantum theory. These probabilities are equivalent to the ``weak measurement'' predictions due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Aephraim M. Steinberg

Weak invariants are time-dependent observables with conserved expectation values. Their fluctuations, however, do not remain constant in time. On the assumption that time evolution of the state of an open quantum system is given in terms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-27 Zeyi Shi , Sumiyoshi Abe

Weak value measurements have recently given rise to a large interest for both the possibility of measurement amplification and the chance of further quantum mechanics foundations investigation. In particular, a question emerged about weak…

Recently, weak measurements have attracted a lot of interest as an experimental method for the investigation of non-classical correlations between observables that cannot be measured jointly. Here, I explain how the complex valued…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-02 Holger F. Hofmann

In the Aharonov-Albert-Vaidman (AAV) weak measurement, it is assumed that the measuring device or the pointer is in a quantum mechanical pure state. In reality, however, it is often not the case. In this paper, we generalize the AAV weak…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-25 Young-Wook Cho , Hyang-Tag Lim , Young-Sik Ra , Yoon-Ho Kim

Unitary evolution and projective measurement are fundamental axioms of quantum mechanics. Even though projective measurement yields one of the eigenstates of the measured operator as the outcome, there is no theory that predicts which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 Apoorva Patel , Parveen Kumar

Weak values, obtained from weak measurements, attempt to describe the properties of a quantum system as it evolves from an initial to a final state, without practically altering this evolution. Trajectories can be defined from weak…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-09 Alex Matzkin

A so called 'weak value' of an observable in quantum mechanics (QM) may be obtained in a weak measurement + post-selection procedure on the QM system under study. Applied to number operators, it has been invoked in revisiting some QM…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Bengt E Y Svensson

We describe space--time fluctuations by means of small fluctuations of the metric on a given background metric. From a minimally coupled Klein--Gordon equation we obtain within a weak-field approximation up to second order and an averaging…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Ertan Göklü , Claus Lämmerzahl

In their paper (arXiv:2402.09879), Aredes and Saldanha analyze several paradoxes related to weak values and present a "general argument" that aims to show that "realistic interpretations ...of weak values lead to inconsistencies". Although…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Juan José Seoane , Xabier Oianguren-Asua , Albert Solé , Xavier Oriols

Using the quantum transition path time probability distribution we show that time averaging of weak values leads to unexpected results. We prove a weak value time energy uncertainty principle and time energy commutation relation. We also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-05 Eli Pollak , S. Miret-Artés