Related papers: Particle Probes with Superradiant Pulsars
We report on nearly two years of timing observations of the low-mass binary millisecond pulsar, PSR J1909-3744 with the Caltech-Parkes-Swinburne Recorder II (CPSR2), a new instrument that gives unprecedented timing precision. Daily…
The orbital period of the binary pulsar PSR 1913+16 has been observed to decrease at the rate of $2.40\times 10^{-12}$ s/s which agrees with the prediction of the quadropole formula for gravitational radiation to within one percent. The…
X-ray pulse profile modeling of PSR J0740+6620, the most massive known pulsar, with data from the NICER and XMM-Newton observatories recently led to a measurement of its radius. We investigate this measurement's implications for the neutron…
The double pulsar system PSR J0737-3039A/B is a double neutron star binary, with a 2.4-hour orbital period, which has allowed measurement of relativistic orbital perturbations to high precision. The low mass of the second-formed neutron…
Despite its importance to our understanding of physics at supranuclear densities, the equation of state (EoS) of matter deep within neutron stars remains poorly understood. Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are among the most useful astrophysical…
Highly magnetized neutron stars are promising candidates to explain some of the most peculiar astronomical phenomena, for instance, fast radio bursts, gamma-ray bursts, and superluminous supernovae. Pulsations of these highly magnetized…
Observations of the spin distribution of rapidly rotating neutron stars show evidence for a lack of stars spinning at frequencies larger than $f\approx 700$ Hz, well below the predictions of theoretical equations of state. This has…
Pulsars, highly magnetized, rotating neutron stars, can have significant muon abundances in their dense cores, making them promising environments to probe ultralight mediators coupled to muons. The precise measurement of periastron advance…
r-mode oscillations have been shown to have a significant potential to constrain the composition of fast spinning neutron stars. Due to their high rotation rates, millisecond pulsars (MSPs) provide a unique platform to constrain the…
We summarize the state of the art and future directions in using millisecond radio pulsars to test gravitation and measure intrinsic, fundamental parameters of the pulsar systems. As discussed below, such measurements continue to yield…
Neutron stars are compact objects rotating at high speed, up to a substantial fraction of the speed of light (up to 20\% for millisecond pulsars) and possessing ultra-strong electromagnetic fields (close to and sometimes above the quantum…
The recent discovery of a radio-emitting neutron star with an ultralong spin period of 76 s, PSR J0901-4046, raises a fundamental question on how such a slowly rotating magnetized object can be active in the radio band. A canonical magnetic…
Recent constraints on neutron star mass and radius have advanced our understanding of the equation of state (EOS) of cold dense matter. Some of them have been obtained by modeling the pulses of three millisecond X-ray pulsars observed by…
Combining the GW observations of merging systems of binary neutron stars and quasi-universal relations, we set constraints on the maximum mass that can be attained by nonrotating stellar models of neutron stars. More specifically,…
Rotation-powered "recycled" millisecond pulsars are a variety of rapidly-spinning neutron stars that typically show thermal X-ray radiation due to the heated surface of their magnetic polar caps. Detailed numerical modeling of the…
We present a Bayesian method to constrain the masses and radii of neutron stars (NSs) using the information encoded in the X-ray pulse profiles of accreting millisecond pulsars. We model the shape of the pulses using "oblate Schwarzschild"…
Pulse profile modeling of X-ray data from NICER is now enabling precision inference of neutron star mass and radius. Combined with nuclear physics constraints from chiral effective field theory ($\chi$EFT), and masses and tidal…
Even if only a small fraction of neutron dipole moments are aligned in a neutron star, observed pulsar radiation loses provide a stringent limit on the neutron electric dipole moment of <10-29 ecm, more stringent than best current…
NICER observed several rotation-powered millisecond pulsars to search for or confirm the presence of X-ray pulsations. When broad and sine-like, these pulsations may indicate thermal emission from hot polar caps at the magnetic poles on the…
Recent observations of XTE J1739-285 suggest that it contains a neutron star rotating at 1122 Hz. Such rotation imposes bounds on the structure of neutron star in XTE J1739-285. These bounds may be used to constrain poorly known equation of…