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This paper reviews the work done on black hole interior volume, entropy, and evaporation. An insight into the basics for understanding the interior volume is presented. A general analogy to investigate the interior volume of a black hole,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-08 Shad Ali , Tong Liu

We investigate information flow and Page curves for tripartite systems. We prepare a tripartite system (say, A, B, and C) of a given number of states and calculate information and entropy contents by assuming random states. Initially, every…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-28 Junha Hwang , Deok Sang Lee , Dongju Nho , Jeonghun Oh , Hyosub Park , Dong-han Yeom , Heeseung Zoe

When a black hole evaporates, there arises a net energy flow from the black hole into its outside environment due to the Hawking radiation and the energy accretion onto black hole. Exactly speaking, due to the net energy flow, the black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-12 Hiromi Saida

It has been shown that the quantum state of the graviton field outside a black hole horizon carries information about the internal state of the hole. We explain how this allows unitary evaporation: the final radiation state is a complex…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-18 Xavier Calmet , Stephen D. H. Hsu

In this paper, we study entanglement islands and the Page curve in the eternal four-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by finite temperature conformal matter. By finite temperature conformal matter we mean the matter described…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-06-10 Dmitry S. Ageev , Irina Ya. Aref'eva

Generic non-equilibrium many-body systems display a linear growth of bipartite entanglement entropy in time, followed by a volume law saturation. In stark contrast, the Page curve dynamics of black hole physics shows that the entropy peaks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Rishabh Jha , Salvatore R. Manmana , Stefan Kehrein

Entropy plays a crucial role in characterization of information and entanglement, but it is not a scalar quantity and for many systems it is different for different relativistic observers. Loop quantum gravity predicts the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Daniel R. Terno

Obtaining the Page curve in the context of eternal black holes associated with top-down non-conformal holographic thermal duals at intermediate coupling, has been entirely unexplored in the literature. We fill this gap in the context of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-07 Gopal Yadav , Aalok Misra

We construct a holographic map that takes the semi-classical state of an evaporating black hole and its Hawking radiation to a microscopic model that reflects the scrambling dynamics of the black hole. The microscopic model is given by a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-18 Zsolt Gyongyosi , Timothy J. Hollowood , S. Prem Kumar , Andrea Legramandi , Neil Talwar

We construct a model that describes the quantum black hole evaporation unitarily in a Hilbert space of infinite dimension. This construction generalizes Page's finite dimensional approach to infinite dimensions. The basic ingredient is the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-15 Cesar Gomez

We study the Page curve and the effect of the Hawking-Page phase transition in the Vaidya model of evaporating BTZ black holes, both with and without islands. The phase transition can occur before, at, or after the Page time. When it occurs…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-12 Dao-Quan Sun

Quantum extremal islands reproduce the unitary Page curve of an evaporating black hole. This has been derived by including replica wormholes in the gravitational path integral, but for the transient, evaporating black holes most relevant to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-19 Kanato Goto , Thomas Hartman , Amirhossein Tajdini

This paper investigates the information loss paradox in the WKB/tunneling picture of Hawking radiation. In the tunneling picture one can obtain the tunneling amplitude to all orders in $\hbar$. However all terms beyond the lowest,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-17 Douglas Singleton , Elias C. Vagenas , Tao Zhu , Ji-Rong Ren

We study the quantum error correction properties of the black hole interior in a toy model for an evaporating black hole: Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity entangled with a non-gravitational bath. After the Page time, the black hole interior…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-08-09 Vijay Balasubramanian , Arjun Kar , Cathy Li , Onkar Parrikar

When absorbing boundary conditions are used to evaporate a black hole in AdS/CFT, we show that there is a phase transition in the location of the quantum Ryu-Takayanagi surface, at precisely the Page time. The new RT surface lies slightly…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-09-01 Geoffrey Penington

The thermodynamic entropy of an isolated system is given by its von Neumann entropy. Over the last few years, there is an intense activity to understand thermodynamic entropy from the principles of quantum mechanics. More specifically, is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-19 S. Santhosh Kumar , S. Shankaranarayanan

In a close look at the replica wormhole derivation of the island conjecture, we note a discrepancy in the derived matrix eigenvalues in the limit where the Hawking radiation entropy goes to zero. The small corrections to the density matrix…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-10 Anna Karlsson

The paper deals with Hawking radiation related to non-static spherically symmetric black hole. Quantum corrections are incorporated using Hamilton-Jacobi method beyond semi-classical approximation. It is found that different order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-01 Nairwita Mazumder , Ritabrata Biswas , Subenoy Chakraborty

A semiclassical analysis shows that in the process of black hole formation and evaporation, an initial pure state will evolve to a mixed state, i.e., information will be lost. One way of avoiding this conclusion without invoking drastic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-30 Robert M. Wald

These are lecture notes for the 1992 Erice Workshop on Theoretical Physics. They first present a summary of the paradox of information loss to black holes, of its proposed resolutions, and of the flaws in the proposed resolutions. There…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-25 Steven B. Giddings