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Understanding covert narratives and implicit messaging is essential for analyzing bias and sentiment. Traditional NLP methods struggle with detecting subtle phrasing and hidden agendas. This study tackles two key challenges: (1) multi-label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Rishit Tyagi , Rahul Bouri , Mohit Gupta

Multi-label classification is an important yet challenging task in natural language processing. It is more complex than single-label classification in that the labels tend to be correlated. Existing methods tend to ignore the correlations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Pengcheng Yang , Xu Sun , Wei Li , Shuming Ma , Wei Wu , Houfeng Wang

Model scaling is becoming the default choice for many language tasks due to the success of large language models (LLMs). However, it can fall short in specific scenarios where simple customized methods excel. In this paper, we delve into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Xiaochen Kev Gao , Feng Yao , Kewen Zhao , Beilei He , Animesh Kumar , Vish Krishnan , Jingbo Shang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems in the Intellectual Property (IP) field often struggle with diverse user queries, including colloquial expressions, spelling errors, and ambiguous terminology, leading to inaccurate retrieval and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Runtao Ren , Jian Ma , Jianxi Luo

Dense retrieval has shown promise in the first-stage retrieval process when trained on in-domain labeled datasets. However, previous studies have found that dense retrieval is hard to generalize to unseen domains due to its weak modeling of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Shicheng Xu , Liang Pang , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Recent advances in NLP have been attributed to the emergence of large-scale pre-trained language models. GPT-2, in particular, is suited for generation tasks given its left-to-right language modeling objective, yet the linguistic quality of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Wei-Jen Ko , Junyi Jessy Li

Multilingual transfer ability, which reflects how well models fine-tuned on one source language can be applied to other languages, has been well studied in multilingual pre-trained models. However, the existence of such capability transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Wang Liang

This paper studies multi-task training of retrieval-augmented generation models for knowledge-intensive tasks. We propose to clean the training set by utilizing a distinct property of knowledge-intensive generation: The connection of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Sebastian Hofstätter , Jiecao Chen , Karthik Raman , Hamed Zamani

Retrieval augmented generation has emerged as an effective method to enhance large language model performance. This approach typically relies on an internal retrieval module that uses various indexing mechanisms to manage a static…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Guangxin He , Zonghong Dai , Jiangcheng Zhu , Binqiang Zhao , Qicheng Hu , Chenyue Li , You Peng , Chen Wang , Binhang Yuan

In retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) question answering systems, generating citations for large language model (LLM) outputs enhances verifiability and helps users identify potential hallucinations. However, we observe two problems in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Guo Chen , Qiuyuan Li , Qiuxian Li , Hongliang Dai , Xiang Chen , Piji Li

With the growing impact of ESG on businesses, research related to renewable energy is receiving great attention. Solar cells are one of them, and accordingly, it can be said that the research value of solar cell patent analysis is very…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Yongmin Yoo , Dongjin Lim , Tak-Sung Heo

In recent years, large language models(LLMs) have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional performance across a multitude of natural language process tasks, and have been widely applied in various fields. However, the…

Large-scale commercial search systems optimize for relevance to drive successful sessions that help users find what they are looking for. To maximize relevance, we leverage two complementary objectives: behavioral relevance (results users…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Evangelia Christakopoulou , Vivekkumar Patel , Hemanth Velaga , Sandip Gaikwad , Sean Suchter , Venkat Sundaranatha

Paraphrase generation is a longstanding NLP task that has diverse applications for downstream NLP tasks. However, the effectiveness of existing efforts predominantly relies on large amounts of golden labeled data. Though unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Kaize Ding , Dingcheng Li , Alexander Hanbo Li , Xing Fan , Chenlei Guo , Yang Liu , Huan Liu

Domain specific search has always been a challenging information retrieval task due to several challenges such as the domain specific language, the unique task setting, as well as the lack of accessible queries and corresponding relevance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Sophia Althammer , Sebastian Hofstätter , Allan Hanbury

Pre-trained language models have achieved promising success in code retrieval tasks, where a natural language documentation query is given to find the most relevant existing code snippet. However, existing models focus only on optimizing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Dong Li , Yelong Shen , Ruoming Jin , Yi Mao , Kuan Wang , Weizhu Chen

Patent claims define the scope of protection for an invention. If there are ambiguities in a claim, it is rejected by the patent office. In the US, this is referred to as indefiniteness (35 U.S.C {\S} 112(b)) and is among the most frequent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Valentin Knappich , Annemarie Friedrich , Anna Hätty , Simon Razniewski

In this work, we focus on the problem of retrieving relevant arguments for a query claim covering diverse aspects. State-of-the-art methods rely on explicit mappings between claims and premises, and thus are unable to utilize large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Michael Fromm , Max Berrendorf , Sandra Obermeier , Thomas Seidl , Evgeniy Faerman

We propose an ontology enhanced model for sentence based claim detection. We fused ontology embeddings from a knowledge base with BERT sentence embeddings to perform claim detection for the ClaimBuster and the NewsClaims datasets. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zehra Melce Hüsünbeyi , Tatjana Scheffler

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been widely adopted to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive tasks. To enhance credibility and verifiability in RAG systems, Attributed Text Generation (ATG) is proposed, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Sirui Xia , Xintao Wang , Jiaqing Liang , Yifei Zhang , Weikang Zhou , Jiaji Deng , Fei Yu , Yanghua Xiao