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The k-forcing number of a graph is a generalization of the zero forcing number. In this note, we give a greedy algorithm to approximate the k-forcing number of a graph. Using this dynamic approach, we give corollaries which improve upon two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-30 Yair Caro , Ryan Pepper

The divisorial gonality of a graph is the minimum degree of a positive rank divisor on that graph. We introduce the multiplicity-free gonality of a graph, which restricts our consideration to divisors that place at most \(1\) chip on each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-28 Frances Dean , Max Everett , Ralph Morrison

We introduce differential games for FO logic of graphs, a variant of Ehrenfeucht-Fra\"{i}ss\'e games in which the game is played on only one graph and the moves of both players restricted. We prove that, in a certain sense, these games are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Jakub Gajarský , Maximilian Gorsky , Stephan Kreutzer

Chip-firing is a combinatorial game played on an undirected graph in which we place chips on vertices. We study chip-firing on an infinite binary tree in which we add a self-loop to the root to ensure each vertex has degree 3. A vertex can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-02 Ryota Inagaki , Tanya Khovanova , Austin Luo

Let R be any subring of the reals. We present a generalization of linear systems on graphs where divisors are R-valued functions on the set of vertices and graph edges are permitted to have nonegative weights in R. Using this…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-11-13 Rodney James , Rick Miranda

Motivated by non-local games and quantum coloring problems, we introduce a graph homomorphism game between quantum graphs and classical graphs. This game is naturally cast as a "quantum-classical game"--that is, a non-local game of two…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Michael Brannan , Priyanga Ganesan , Samuel J. Harris

Two-player graph games are a fundamental model for reasoning about the interaction of agents. These games are played between two players who move a token along a graph. In bidding games, the players have some monetary budget, and at each…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shaull Almagor , Guy Avni , Neta Dafni

We introduce a new two-player game on graphs, in which players alternate choosing vertices until the set of chosen vertices forms a dominating set. The last player to choose a vertex is the winner. The game fits into the scheme of several…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-31 Sean Fiscus , Glenn Hurlbert , Eric Myzelev , Travis Pence

The Game of Cycles is a combinatorial game introduced by Francis Su in 2020 in which players take turns marking arrows on the edges of a simple plane graph, avoiding the creation of sinks and sources and seeking to complete a "cycle cell."…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Bryant G. Mathews

We define a divisor theory for graphs and tropical curves endowed with a weight function on the vertices; we prove that the Riemann-Roch theorem holds in both cases. We extend Baker's Specialization Lemma to weighted graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-07 Omid Amini , Lucia Caporaso

We define the Sign Game as a two-player game played on a simple undirected mathematical graph $G$. The players alternate turns, assigning vertices of $G$ either $1$ or $-1$, and edges take on the value of the product of their endvertices.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-12 Liz Blum , Lily Brustkern , Rosetta Hawkins , Neil R. Nicholson , Ranjan Rohatgi

Let $\gamma_g(G)$ be the game domination number of a graph $G$. It is proved that if ${\rm diam}(G) = 2$, then $\gamma_g(G) \le \left\lceil \frac{n(G)}{2} \right\rceil- \left\lfloor \frac{n(G)}{11}\right\rfloor$. The bound is attained: if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-03 Csilla Bujtás , Vesna Iršič , Sandi Klavžar , Kexiang Xu

The numbers game is a one-player game played on a finite simple graph with certain ``amplitudes'' assigned to its edges and with an initial assignment of real numbers to its nodes. The moves of the game successively transform the numbers at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Robert G. Donnelly

We consider {\em bidding games}, a class of two-player zero-sum {\em graph games}. The game proceeds as follows. Both players have bounded budgets. A token is placed on a vertex of a graph, in each turn the players simultaneously submit…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Guy Avni , Tobias Meggendorfer , Suman Sadhukhan , Josef Tkadlec , Đorđe Žikelić

The paper [Ras15a] introduced distribution-valued games. This game-theoretic model uses probability distributions as payoffs for games in order to express uncertainty about the payoffs. The player's preferences for different payoffs are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-26 Vincent Bürgin

In the domination game, introduced by Bre\v{s}ar, Klav\v{z}ar and Rall in 2010, Dominator and Staller alternately select a vertex of a graph $G$. A move is legal if the selected vertex $v$ dominates at least one new vertex -- that is, if we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-01 Csilla Bujtás

The guessing game introduced by Riis is a variant of the "guessing your own hats" game and can be played on any simple directed graph G on n vertices. For each digraph G, it is proved that there exists a unique guessing number gn(G)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-14 Peter J. Cameron , Anh N. Dang , Soren Riis

We introduce the Maker-Breaker domination game, a two player game on a graph. At his turn, the first player, Dominator, select a vertex in order to dominate the graph while the other player, Staller, forbids a vertex to Dominator in order…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Eric Duchêne , Valentin Gledel , Aline Parreau , Gabriel Renault

Regular games form a well-established class of games for analysis and synthesis of reactive systems. They include coloured Muller games, McNaughton games, Muller games, Rabin games, and Streett games. These games are played on directed…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Zihui Liang , Bakh Khoussainov , Mingyu Xiao

We define a variant of the two-dimensional Silver Dollar game. Two coins are placed on a chessboard of unbounded size, and two players take turns choosing one of the coins and moving it. Coins are to be moved to the left or upward…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Ryohei Miyadera , Enchong Li , Akito Tsujii