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The integration and transfer of information from multiple sources to multiple targets is a core motive of neural systems. The emerging field of partial information decomposition (PID) provides a novel information-theoretic lens into these…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Ari Pakman , Amin Nejatbakhsh , Dar Gilboa , Abdullah Makkeh , Luca Mazzucato , Michael Wibral , Elad Schneidman

Learning invariant graph representations for out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization remains challenging because the learned representations often retain spurious components. To address this challenge, this work introduces a new tool from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Barproda Halder , Pasan Dissanayake , Sanghamitra Dutta

Spuriousness arises when there is an association between two or more variables in a dataset that are not causally related. In this work, we propose an explainability framework to preemptively disentangle the nature of such spurious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Barproda Halder , Faisal Hamman , Pasan Dissanayake , Qiuyi Zhang , Ilia Sucholutsky , Sanghamitra Dutta

To fully characterize the information that two `source' variables carry about a third `target' variable, one must decompose the total information into redundant, unique and synergistic components, i.e. obtain a partial information…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Adam B. Barrett

A reaction-coordinate--resolved information-theoretic analysis of chemical reactivity is developed using mutual information and partial information decomposition (PID). Along an intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC), a local empirical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Kyunghoon Han , Miguel Gallegos

Most information dynamics and statistical causal analysis frameworks rely on the common intuition that causal interactions are intrinsically pairwise -- every 'cause' variable has an associated 'effect' variable, so that a 'causal arrow'…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-09-06 Pedro A. M. Mediano , Fernando Rosas , Robin L. Carhart-Harris , Anil K. Seth , Adam B. Barrett

The Partial Information Decomposition (PID) [arXiv:1004.2515] provides a theoretical framework to characterize and quantify the structure of multivariate information sharing. A new method (Idep) has recently been proposed for computing a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-04-03 James W. Kay , Robin A. A. Ince

The problem of how to properly quantify redundant information is an open question that has been the subject of much recent research. Redundant information refers to information about a target variable S that is common to two or more…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Robin A. A. Ince

The recent explosion of interest in multimodal applications has resulted in a wide selection of datasets and methods for representing and integrating information from different modalities. Despite these empirical advances, there remain…

In this paper, we introduce Partial Information Decomposition of Features (PIDF), a new paradigm for simultaneous data interpretability and feature selection. Contrary to traditional methods that assign a single importance value, our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Charles Westphal , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

In neural networks, task-relevant information is represented jointly by groups of neurons. However, the specific way in which this mutual information about the classification label is distributed among the individual neurons is not well…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-08 David A. Ehrlich , Andreas C. Schneider , Viola Priesemann , Michael Wibral , Abdullah Makkeh

We build information geometry for a partially ordered set of variables and define the orthogonal decomposition of information theoretic quantities. The natural connection between information geometry and order theory leads to efficient…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Mahito Sugiyama , Hiroyuki Nakahara , Koji Tsuda

Text-to-image diffusion models have made significant progress in generating naturalistic images from textual inputs, and demonstrate the capacity to learn and represent complex visual-semantic relationships. While these diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Rushikesh Zawar , Shaurya Dewan , Prakanshul Saxena , Yingshan Chang , Andrew Luo , Yonatan Bisk

We introduce a novel framework for decomposing interventional causal effects into synergistic, redundant, and unique components, building on the intuition of Partial Information Decomposition (PID) and the principle of M\"obius inversion.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Abel Jansma

Of the various attempts to generalize information theory to multiple variables, the most widely utilized, interaction information, suffers from the problem that it is sometimes negative. Here we reconsider from first principles the general…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-04-16 Paul L. Williams , Randall D. Beer

Recently, the partial information decomposition emerged as a promising framework for identifying the meaningful components of the information contained in a joint distribution. Its adoption and practical application, however, have been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Ryan G. James , Jeffrey Emenheiser , James P. Crutchfield

Mutual information between two random variables is a well-studied notion, whose understanding is fairly complete. Mutual information between one random variable and a pair of other random variables, however, is a far more involved notion.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Aobo Lyu , Andrew Clark , Netanel Raviv

Understanding how different information sources together transmit information is crucial in many domains. For example, understanding the neural code requires characterizing how different neurons contribute unique, redundant, or synergistic…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-04-04 Daniel Chicharro , Giuseppe Pica , Stefano Panzeri

Analyzing causality in multivariate systems involves establishing how information is generated, distributed and combined. Traditional causal discovery frameworks are capable of multivariate reasoning but their intrinsic pairwise graph…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Sung En Chiang , Zhaolu Liu , Robert L. Peach , Mauricio Barahona

Multivariate information decompositions hold promise to yield insight into complex systems, and stand out for their ability to identify synergistic phenomena. However, the adoption of these approaches has been hindered by there being…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Fernando Rosas , Pedro Mediano , Borzoo Rassouli , Adam Barrett