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Galaxies with active galactic nuclei (AGN) exhibit broad emission lines as a key spectral feature. The shape of emission-line profiles depends on the complex dynamics of discrete clouds within a spatially extended region known as the Broad…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-08 M. H. Naddaf , M. L. Martinez-Aldama , D. Hutsemekers , D. Savic , B. Czerny

The dynamical and geometric structures of the Broad Line Region (BLR), along with the origins of continuum time delays in active galaxies, remain topics of ongoing debate. In this study, we aim to reproduce the observed broadband spectrum,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-15 V. K. Jaiswal , Amit K. Mandal , R. Prince , A. Pandey , M. H. Naddaf , B. Czerny , S. Panda , F. Pozo Nunez

Broad emission lines of active galactic nuclei stem from a spatially extended region (broad-line region, BLR) that is composed of discrete clouds and photoionized by the central ionizing continuum. The temporal behaviors of these emission…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-07 Yan-Rong Li , Jian-Min Wang , Jin-Ming Bai

We derive a theoretical relation between $R_{BLR}$, the size of the broad-emission-line region of active galactic nuclei, and the observed soft X-ray luminosity and spectrum. We show that in addition to the well known $R_{BLR}\sim L^{1/2}$…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Amri Wandel

Resolving the accretion disks and broad line regions (BLRs) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) can probe the physics behind supermassive black holes (SMBHs) fueling and weigh SMBHs. With time-domain observations, the reverberation mapping…

We derive a theoretical relation between $R_{BLR}$, the size of the broad-emission-line region of active galactic nuclei, and the observed soft X-ray luminosity and spectrum. We show that in addition to the well known $R_{BLR}\sim L^{1/2}$…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Amri Wandel

The profiles of the broad emission lines of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the time delays in their response to changes in the ionizing continuum ("lags") give information about the structure and kinematics of the inner regions of AGNs.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-18 C. Martin Gaskell , Peter Z. Harrington

Continuum reverberation mapping probes the sizescale of the optical continuum-emitting region in active galactic nuclei (AGN). Through 3 years of multiwavelength photometric monitoring in the optical with robotic observatories, we perform…

Over the past three decades, multiple reverberation mapping (RM) campaigns conducted for the quasar PG 2130+099 have exhibited inconsistent findings with time delays ranging from $\sim$10 to $\sim$200 days. To achieve a comprehensive…

The latest analysis efforts in reverberation mapping are beginning to allow reconstruction of echo images (or velocity-delay maps) that encode information about the structure and kinematics of the broad line region (BLR) in active galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-08-17 Tim Waters , Amit Kashi , Daniel Proga , Michael Eracleous , Aaron J. Barth , Jenny Greene

The Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4593 was monitored spectroscopically with the Hubble Space Telescope as part of a reverberation mapping campaign that also included Swift, Kepler and ground-based photometric monitoring. During 2016 July 12 - August…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-25 Edward M. Cackett , Chia-Ying Chiang , Ian McHardy , Rick Edelson , Michael R. Goad , Keith Horne , Kirk T. Korista

We apply a new method of determination of the size of the broad emission-line region (BLR) in active galactic nuclei. This method relates the radius of the broad-line region of AGN to the soft X-ray luminosity and spectral index. Comparing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Amri Wandel , Thomas Boller

Broadband photometric reverberation mapping (RM) provides a measure of the size of the continuum-emitting region in active galactic nuclei (AGN). Previous monitoring campaigns of PG 2130+099 disagree as to whether the continuum emitting…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-03 Jake A. Miller , Edward M. Cackett , Mike Goad , Kirk T. Korista

It is known that the dependence of the emission-line luminosity of a typical cloud in the active galactic nuclei broad-line regions (BLRs) upon the incident flux of ionizing continuum can be nonlinear. We study how this nonlinearity can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Alexander V. Melnikov , Ivan I. Shevchenko

Characterisation of the long-term variations in the broad line region in a luminous blazar, where Comptonisation of broad-line emission within a relativistic jet is the standard scenario for production of gamma-ray emission that dominates…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-08-04 Krzysztof Nalewajko , Alok C. Gupta , Mai Liao , Krzysztof Hryniewicz , Maitrayee Gupta , Minfeng Gu

We have measured the wavelength-dependent lags between the X-ray, UV and optical bands in the high accretion rate ($L/L_{\rm Edd}\approx40\%$) Active Galactic Nucleus Mrk 110 during two intensive monitoring campaigns in February and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-09 F. M. Vincentelli , I. McHardy , V. Hernández Santisteban , E. M. Cackett , J. Gelbord , Keith Horne , J. A. Miller , A. Lobban

Many studies have considered the roles of clouds, outflows, and turbulence in producing the broad emission and absorption lines in the spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, these are often treated as separate or even competing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-12-10 Tim Waters , Hui Li

Multiwavelength variability studies of active galactic nuclei (AGN) can be used to probe their inner regions which are not directly resolvable. Dust reverberation mapping (DRM) estimates the size of the dust emitting region by measuring the…

Broad emission lines of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) originate from the broad-line region (BLR), consisting of dense gas clouds in orbit around an accreting supermassive black hole. Understanding the geometry and kinematics of the region…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-08-29 Sha-Sha Li , Hai-Cheng Feng , H. T. Liu , J. M. Bai , Xiang Ji , Cheng Cheng , Kai-Xing Lu , Jian-Guo Wang , Rui Li

We present an improved and expanded simply parameterized phenomenological model of the broad line region (BLR) in active galactic nuclei (AGN) for modeling reverberation mapping data. By modeling reverberation mapping data directly, we can…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Anna Pancoast , Brendon J. Brewer , Tommaso Treu