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Related papers: Realistic versus Rational Secret Sharing

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Providing commons in the risky world is crucial for human survival, however, suffers more from the "free-riding" problem. Here, we proposed a solution that limits the access of the resource to an agent and tested its efficiency with a novel…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-19 Shen Zhang , Xueyi Shen , Ruida Zhu , Zilu Liang , Chao Liu

In settings with incomplete information, players can find it difficult to coordinate to find states with good social welfare. For example, in financial settings, if a collection of financial firms have limited information about each other's…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-01 Avrim Blum , Jamie Morgenstern , Ankit Sharma , Adam Smith

The problem of efficient sharing of a resource is nearly ubiquitous. Except for pure public goods, each agent's use creates a negative externality; often the negative externality is so strong that efficient sharing is impossible in the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-09-03 Mihaela van der Schaar , Yuanzhang Xiao , William Zame

The research on coalitional games has focused on how to share the reward among a coalition such that players are incentivised to collaborate together. It assumes that the (deterministic or stochastic) characteristic function is known in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Dengji Zhao , Yiqing Huang , Liat Cohen , Tal Grinshpoun

Shamir's celebrated secret sharing scheme provides an efficient method for encoding a secret of arbitrary length $\ell$ among any $N \leq 2^\ell$ players such that for a threshold parameter $t$, (i) the knowledge of any $t$ shares does not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Fuchun Lin , Mahdi Cheraghchi , Venkatesan Guruswami , Reihaneh Safavi-Naini , Huaxiong Wang

Secret-key generation exploiting the channel reciprocity between two legitimate parties is an interesting alternative solution to cryptographic primitives for key distribution in wireless systems as it does not rely on an access…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-15 François Rottenberg , Philippe De Doncker , François Horlin , Jérôme Louveaux

The dilemma in cooperation is one of the major concerns in game theory. In a public-goods game, each individual pays a cost for cooperation, or to prevent defection, and receives a reward from the collected cost in a group. Thus, defection…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-09-21 Yuma Fujimoto , Takahiro Sagawa , Kunihiko Kaneko

A traditional assumption in game theory is that players are opaque to one another---if a player changes strategies, then this change in strategies does not affect the choice of other players' strategies. In many situations this is an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-20 Joseph Y. Halpern , Rafael Pass

Quantum secret sharing is a scheme for encoding a quantum state (the secret) into multiple shares and distributing them among several participants. If a sufficient number of shares are put together, then the secret can be fully…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-04 Paul Zhang , Ryutaroh Matsumoto

In mechanism design theory, a designer would like to implement a social choice function which specifies her favorite outcome for each possible profile of agents' private types. The revelation principle asserts that if a social choice…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Haoyang Wu

Sender-receiver games are simple models of information transmission that provide a formalism to study the evolution of honest signaling and deception between a sender and a receiver. In many practical scenarios, lies often affect groups of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-12-01 Aanjaneya Kumar , Sandeep Chowdhary , Valerio Capraro , Matjaz Perc

Understanding how cooperation emerges in public goods games is crucial for addressing societal challenges. While optional participation can establish cooperation without identifying cooperators, it relies on specific assumptions -- that…

Cryptographic approaches, such as secure multiparty computation, can be used to compute in a secure manner the function of a distributed graph without centralizing the data of each participant. However, the output of the protocol itself can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Sofiane Azogagh , Zelma Aubin Birba , Josée Desharnais , Sébastien Gambs , Marc-Olivier Killijian , Nadia Tawbi

Social learning is a powerful mechanism through which agents learn about the world from others. However, humans don't always choose to observe others, since social learning can carry time and cognitive resource costs. How do people balance…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Lance Ying , Ryan Truong , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Samuel J. Gershman

Selective rationalization has become a common mechanism to ensure that predictive models reveal how they use any available features. The selection may be soft or hard, and identifies a subset of input features relevant for prediction. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Mo Yu , Shiyu Chang , Yang Zhang , Tommi S. Jaakkola

We consider a secret-sharing model where a dealer distributes the shares of a secret among a set of participants with the constraint that only predetermined subsets of participants must be able to reconstruct the secret by pooling their…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Remi A. Chou

We study discrete preference games in heterogeneous social networks. These games model the interplay between a player's private belief and his/her publicly stated opinion (which could be different from the player's belief) as a strategic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-03-10 Vincenzo Auletta , Ioannis Caragiannis , Diodato Ferraioli , Clemente Galdi , Giuseppe Persiano

We generalize secret-sharing models that rely on correlated randomness and public communication, originally designed for a fixed access structure, to support a sequence of dynamic access structures, which we term an Additive Access…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-15 David Miller , Rémi A. Chou

This paper analyses how risk-taking behaviour and preferences over consumption rank can emerge as a neutrally stable equilibrium when individuals face an anti-coordination task. If in an otherwise homogeneous society information about…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-03-07 Manuel Staab

Cooperative behavior among unrelated individuals in human and animal societies represents a most intriguing puzzle to scientists in various disciplines. Here we present a simple yet effective mechanism promoting cooperation under full…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Gyorgy Szabo , Christoph Hauert