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Phishing attacks are one of the most common social engineering attacks targeting users emails to fraudulently steal confidential and sensitive information. They can be used as a part of more massive attacks launched to gain a foothold in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Fatima Salahdine , Zakaria El Mrabet , Naima Kaabouch

Advanced neural language models (NLMs) are widely used in sequence generation tasks because they are able to produce fluent and meaningful sentences. They can also be used to generate fake reviews, which can then be used to attack online…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-04 David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Haotian Mai , Fuming Fang , Huy H. Nguyen , Junichi Yamagishi , Isao Echizen

Recent work has demonstrated the vulnerability of modern text classifiers to universal adversarial attacks, which are input-agnostic sequences of words added to text processed by classifiers. Despite being successful, the word sequences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Liwei Song , Xinwei Yu , Hsuan-Tung Peng , Karthik Narasimhan

Natural Language Processing (NLP) models based on Machine Learning (ML) are susceptible to adversarial attacks -- malicious algorithms that imperceptibly modify input text to force models into making incorrect predictions. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Salijona Dyrmishi , Salah Ghamizi , Maxime Cordy

Natural Language Processing (NLP) models are used for text-related tasks such as classification and generation. To complete these tasks, input data is first tokenized from human-readable text into a format the model can understand, enabling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Kasimir Schulz , Kenneth Yeung , Kieran Evans

In recent years, considerable research has been dedicated to the application of neural models in the field of natural language generation (NLG). The primary objective is to generate text that is both linguistically natural and human-like,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Chen Tang , Frank Guerin , Chenghua Lin

Virtual assistants such as Google Assistant, Amazon Alexa, and Apple Siri enable users to interact with a large number of services and APIs on the web using natural language. In this work, we investigate two methods for Natural Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Mihir Kale , Abhinav Rastogi

As the Windows OS stands out as one of the most targeted systems, the PowerShell language has become a key tool for malicious actors and cybersecurity professionals (e.g., for penetration testing). This work explores an uncharted domain in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Pietro Liguori , Christian Marescalco , Roberto Natella , Vittorio Orbinato , Luciano Pianese

Natural language generation systems (NLG) map non-linguistic representations into strings of words through a number of steps using intermediate representations of various levels of abstraction. Template based systems, by contrast, tend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Emanuele Pianta , Lucia M. Tovena

Generic generation and manipulation of text is challenging and has limited success compared to recent deep generative modeling in visual domain. This paper aims at generating plausible natural language sentences, whose attributes are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Zhiting Hu , Zichao Yang , Xiaodan Liang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Eric P. Xing

Neural language models are increasingly deployed into APIs and websites that allow a user to pass in a prompt and receive generated text. Many of these systems do not reveal generation parameters. In this paper, we present methods to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Daphne Ippolito , Nicholas Carlini , Katherine Lee , Milad Nasr , Yun William Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success due to their exceptional generative capabilities. Despite their success, they also have inherent limitations such as a lack of up-to-date knowledge and hallucination.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Wei Zou , Runpeng Geng , Binghui Wang , Jinyuan Jia

Components of machine learning systems are not (yet) perceived as security hotspots. Secure coding practices, such as ensuring that no execution paths depend on confidential inputs, have not yet been adopted by ML developers. We initiate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Zhen Sun , Roei Schuster , Vitaly Shmatikov

Deep neural networks (DNN) are quickly becoming the de facto standard modeling method for many natural language generation (NLG) tasks. In order for such models to truly be useful, they must be capable of correctly generating utterances for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Chris Kedzie , Kathleen McKeown

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where triggers embedded in poisoned samples can maliciously alter LLMs' behaviors. In this paper, we move beyond attacking LLMs and instead examine backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Huaizhi Ge , Yiming Li , Qifan Wang , Yongfeng Zhang , Ruixiang Tang

This paper explores an automatic news generation and fact-checking system based on language processing, aimed at enhancing the efficiency and quality of news production while ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the news content.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Xirui Peng , Qiming Xu , Zheng Feng , Haopeng Zhao , Lianghao Tan , Yan Zhou , Zecheng Zhang , Chenwei Gong , Yingqiao Zheng

This work proposes a novel algorithm to generate natural language adversarial input for text classification models, in order to investigate the robustness of these models. It involves applying gradient-based perturbation on the sentence…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Yu-Lun Hsieh , Minhao Cheng , Da-Cheng Juan , Wei Wei , Wen-Lian Hsu , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Password guessing approaches via deep learning have recently been investigated with significant breakthroughs in their ability to generate novel, realistic password candidates. In the present work we study a broad collection of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 David Biesner , Kostadin Cvejoski , Bogdan Georgiev , Rafet Sifa , Erik Krupicka

Large language models (LLMs) successfully model natural language from vast amounts of text without the need for explicit supervision. In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of LLMs in modeling passwords. We present PassGPT, a LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Javier Rando , Fernando Perez-Cruz , Briland Hitaj

Natural language processing (NLP) has recently gained much attention for representing and analysing human language computationally. It has spread its applications in various fields such as machine translation, email spam detection,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Diksha Khurana , Aditya Koli , Kiran Khatter , Sukhdev Singh
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