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Extracting reliable and quantitative microstructure information of living tissue by non-invasive imaging is an outstanding challenge for understanding disease mechanisms and allowing early stage diagnosis of pathologies. Magnetic Resonance…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-07-12 Milena Capiglioni , Analia Zwick , Pablo Jimenez , Gonzalo A. Alvarez

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion MRI (dMRI), is essential for studying neurodegenerative diseases. However, missing modalities pose a major barrier to their clinical use. Although GAN- and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Xiongri Shen , Jiaqi Wang , Yi Zhong , Zhenxi Song , Leilei Zhao , Yichen Wei , Lingyan Liang , Shuqiang Wang , Baiying Lei , Demao Deng , Zhiguo Zhang

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) diffusion measurements are widely used to derive parameters indirectly related to the microstructure of biological tissues and porous media. However, a direct imaging of cell or pore shapes and sizes would…

Medical Physics · Physics 2012-12-10 Tristan Anselm Kuder , Peter Bachert , Johannes Windschuh , Frederik Bernd Laun

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive imaging technique that can indirectly infer the microstructure of tissues and provide metrics which are subject to normal variability across subjects. Potentially abnormal values or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-28 Samuel St-Jean , Max A. Viergever , Alexander Leemans

Modelling the diffusion-relaxation magnetic resonance (MR) signal obtained from multi-parametric sequences has recently gained immense interest in the community due to new techniques significantly reducing data acquisition time. A preferred…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Fabian Bogusz , Tomasz Pieciak

We propose ReMiDi, a novel method for inferring neuronal microstructure as arbitrary 3D meshes using a differentiable diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) simulator. We first implemented in PyTorch a differentiable dMRI simulator…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Prathamesh Pradeep Khole , Zahra Kais Petiwala , Shri Prathaa Magesh , Ehsan Mirafzali , Utkarsh Gupta , Jing-Rebecca Li , Andrada Ianus , Razvan Marinescu

Fiber tracking based on diffusion weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) allows for noninvasive reconstruction of fiber bundles in the human brain. In this chapter, we discuss sources of error and uncertainty in this technique, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-07-15 Thomas Schultz , Anna Vilanova , Ralph Brecheisen , Gordon Kindlmann

We present a novel method that allows for measuring the quality of diffusion-weighted MR images dependent on the image resolution and the image noise. For this purpose, we introduce a new thresholding technique so that noise and the signal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-05-10 Jan Klein , Sebastiano Barbieri , Miriam H. A. Bauer , Christopher Nimsky , Horst K. Hahn

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is an advanced imaging technique characterizing tissue microstructure and white matter structural connectivity of the human brain. The demand for high-quality dMRI data is growing, driven by the need for better…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-26 Xi Zhu , Wei Zhang , Yijie Li , Lauren J. O'Donnell , Fan Zhang

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is an important neuroimaging technique with high acquisition costs. Deep learning approaches have been used to enhance dMRI and predict diffusion biomarkers through undersampled dMRI. To generate more comprehensive raw…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-11 Juanhua Zhang , Ruodan Yan , Alessandro Perelli , Xi Chen , Chao Li

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is highly susceptible to motion artifacts due to the extended acquisition times required for k-space sampling. These artifacts can compromise diagnostic utility, particularly for dynamic imaging. We propose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-04 Frederic Wang , Jonathan I. Tamir

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a type of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique sensitised to the diffusivity of water molecules, offering the capability to inspect tissue microstructures and is the only in-vivo method to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Sheng Chen , Zihao Tang , Mariano Cabezas , Xinyi Wang , Arkiev D'Souza , Michael Barnett , Fernando Calamante , Weidong Cai , Chenyu Wang

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is a valuable tool in the assessment of tissue microstructure. By fitting a model to the dMRI signal it is possible to derive various quantitative features. Several of the most popular dMRI signal models are expansions…

Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) enables the simultaneous quantification of multiple properties of biological tissues. It relies on a pseudo-random acquisition and the matching of acquired signal evolutions to a precomputed…

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) plays a vital role in both clinical diagnostics and neuroscience research. However, its inherently low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), especially under high diffusion weighting, significantly…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-27 Jine Xie , Zhicheng Zhang , Yunwei Chen , Yanqiu Feng , Xinyuan Zhang

Diffusion model-based approaches recently achieved re-markable success in MRI reconstruction, but integration into clinical routine remains challenging due to its time-consuming convergence. This phenomenon is partic-ularly notable when…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-07 Yu Guan , Qinrong Cai , Wei Li , Qiuyun Fan , Dong Liang , Qiegen Liu

Water diffusion MRI is a very powerful tool for probing tissue microstructure, but disentangling the contribution of compartment-specific structural disorder from cellular restriction and inter-compartment exchange remains an open…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-02-09 Eloïse Mougel , Julien Valette , Marco Palombo

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometry uses electro-frequency pulses to probe the resonance of a compound's nucleus, which is then analyzed to determine its structure. The acquisition time of high-resolution NMR spectra remains a…

Brain metabolites, such as N-acetylaspartate or myo-inositol, are constantly probing their local cellular environment under the effect of diffusion. Diffusion-weighted NMR spectroscopy therefore presents unparalleled potential to yield…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-08-02 Melissa Vincent , Marco Palombo , Julien Valette